Abstract: An electromagnetic control valve for controlling the discharge of pressure fluid as a function of electrical voltage applied to an magnetic circuit for the adjusting and regulating of the pressure in a pressure chamber, the electromagnetic force produced by the applied voltage acting in the closing direction of the valve while a hydraulic force from the pressure fluid acts in the opening direction thereof. The magnitude of the electromagnetic force in the closed position of the valve exceeds the force of the pressure fluid and the electromagnetic force is adjustable by varying the air gap in the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: An electrmagnetic intermittent injection valve for supplying fuel to an intake duct of an internal combustion engine comprising a hollow body having a fuel inlet for admission of fuel from a fuel supply, a fuel outlet for supply of fuel to an intake duct of an internal combustion engine, and a fuel return for returning fuel back to the fuel supply. A ball valve is movable in the body between a first position in which the fuel outlet is closed and a second position in which the fuel outlet is open. A spring acts on the ball to urge the ball to the first position. A soft iron core is disposed in the body in facing relation with the ball, the body including a housing end portion of soft iron facing the ball valve. A coil in the body serves for energizing the core and the housing end portion for producing a magnetic field having lines of flux acting on the ball valve to urge the ball valve to the second position against the resilient opposition of the spring.

Abstract: The invention teaches an ignition device for internal combustion engines, comprising at least one spark gap with two ignition electrodes for generating ignition sparks between them, whereby neither of the two ignition electrodes is connected to the ground potential of the internal combustion engines; an ignition current source which is coupled to the ignition electrodes, insulated from ground, to generate the sparks, and forming an ignition circuit therewith; a voltage source, which has one pole at ground, while its other pole is connected to the ignition circuit, so that the ignition circuit is at the same potential as the voltage source and a separate plasma circuit is formed which comprises the voltage source, at least one of the two electrodes, a plasma composed of hot combustion gases between the ignition electrodes and ground, in a series circuit; and means in the plasma circuit which deliver an output pulse corresponding to the strength and time pattern of the current in the plasma circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for single-component measuring of exhaust gas enables the mixture composition of an Otto engine to be determined, wherein a stream of the exhaust gas is cooled, cleansed of condensate, purified and then mixed with a purified air stream in a constant mixture ratio. The stream of the mixture, or a part of the stream of the mixture, is then reacted by burning so that the exhaust gas is completely oxidized by the air and the reacted mixture is then analyzed.

Abstract: Apparatus for the angular displacement of a shaft, such as a camshaft, with respect to a drive wheel comprising a coupling having opposed cylinders by which an active relative displacement can be effected in opposite directions. The position of the shaft and of the drive wheel is determined by pulse transmitters and sensors and is evaluated in an electronic circuit for the determination of the angular displacement and its control.

Abstract: A temperature-dependently actuated 3-port, 2-way valve 1 has a bimetallic disc 22 which closes either a valve seat 15, as shown, or a valve seat 14 when it snaps over into an upwardly domed position. The disc 22 is floatingly supported by two 3-legged springs 23 and 24 acting on its opposite sides. When, as shown, the disc is downwardly domed, only the upper spring 23 acts on the disc 22 and the legs of the lower spring 24 act against abutments 26. The reverse happens when the disc is upwardly domed. In this way the disc is always pressed against one seat or the other only by the appropriate spring and the closure force is independent of the flexural strength of the disc. The floating support of the disc 22 also ensures that it snaps over at or very near the correct operating temperature.

Abstract: A displacement machine for a fluid comprising a housing including a spiral wall containing a displacement body including a spiral wall engaged with the spiral wall of the housing to form chambers therewith. The spiral wall of the displacement body extends over an angle greater than 360.degree. to provide overlapping first and second ends and the spiral wall extends axially on both sides of a transverse disc. The center of the displacement body is rotated around a closed circular path, and a crank arm is pivotably connected to the housing at a first pivot axis and to the displacement body at a second pivot axis in the region of the spiral wall of the displacement body. The transverse disc has a radial terminal edge extending between the overlapping first and second ends of the spiral wall of the displacement body.

Abstract: Two magnetic valves, one of which reduces the pressure and the other one of which increases the pressure by which the displacement of a positioning member is controlled, only one of them operated at a time in accordance to the sign of the error signal, are operated in a pulsed mode with variable pulse width when the error signal is within a range of low absolute value and in a continuous mode of operation when the error signal has a higher absolute value. Variation of the magnitude of the error signal within the intermittent valve operation range controls pulse width variation. Hysteresis is provided in a transition between operating modes of a valve by a time delay of the mode change after the error signal has risen or fallen past a threshold value of signal. High displacement resolution is obtained as well as independence from effect of temperature drifts and magnetic valve characteristics.

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary gas compressor pump comprising a ring piston having an annular wall with a gap forming confronting inlet and outlet ends, the outlet end, during the compression of the gas in the inner and/or outer pumping chambers, cooperating with a bridging wall portion joining two concentric cylinder walls, or with the end of the inner cylinder wall near its transfer port, so that the gas is compressed before being discharged from the pump.

Abstract: In a vane pump a hollow cylindrical rotor (7) is mounted for rotation about its axis within a housing (1) and is arranged to be driven by a belt driven pulley (54) mounted on one end (19) of the rotor. Extending eccentrically within the rotor (7) is a shaft (11) which has its opposite ends (10) and (24) fixed in passages (9) and (23) respectively in the end portions (5) and (15) of the housing (1) so that the shaft (11) is not rotatable. The vanes (27) of the pump are rotatably mounted on the shaft (11) so that they extend axially of the shaft and project radially through axially extending openings in the cylindrical wall of the rotor (7). The vanes (27) are thereby rotated on the shaft (11) when the rotor is driven, and the portions of the vanes projecting through the cylindrical wall of the rotor sweep a pump chamber (13) surrounding a portion of the rotor to convey fluid from an inlet to an outlet of the pump.

Abstract: A fuel-injection valve comprises an electromagnetically actuated armature attached to the needle-like stem of a valve head. In order to promote control of fuel flow under varying conditions the valve opens by moving the valve head downstream from its valve seat and the stroke of the valve head is limited by a mechanical stop situated downstream of the valve seat.

Abstract: In a method of regulating the delivery of the combustion fluid (i.e. air or mixture of air and fuel) to an internal combustion engine (1), the combustion fluid is conducted through a gas engine or positive displacement device capable of operating as a fluid motor or a fluid compressor (2) which is drivingly coupled with the internal combustion engine, and the flow rate through the device (2) is varied in the sense of the desired load change by means of a control device (3, 23) on the device. The positive displacement device (2) may be operated as a fluid motor and/or as a supercharger. As a fluid motor the work done by the expansion of the combustion gas is used to assist the engine (1), whereas the engine (1) drives the gas engine (2) when operating as a supercharger. In a preferred embodiment the device (2) is of the rotary vane type (FIG.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement are disclosed for regulating a path length defined by a pressure-responsive unit. Whenever a coarse positional adjustment has been made, a pause period is made to elapse before a fine adjustment (if any) is carried out. This arrangement does not, due to the pause period, require any accommodation or tuning to regulating stages having different decay behaviors.

Abstract: In a coupling for a drive device, such as an internal combustion engine, a rotor and an entraining disc are connected. The entraining disc is movable relative to a drive disc so that it can be selectively coupled with the drive disc. A housing at least partly encloses the drive disc and supports a pressure chamber adjacent the entraining disc. The pressure chamber includes a movable cover interconnected with the entraining disc. By regulating the pressure within the chamber, the entraining disc can be coupled or decoupled relative to the drive disc. When coupled to the drive disc, the entraining disc drives the rotor.

Abstract: Regulation of idling speed involves the production of a first error signal by comparing engine speed with a reference idling speed, and then deriving from the first error signal in an amplifying PI controller, proportional and integral components that are added together, for use of the PI sum signal as a reference value signal for the displaceable stop position. The latter is compared to the actual stop position to provide a second error signal for control of electro-pneumatic valves of a positioning device that displaces the stop. Both the proportional and integral components produced in the controller vary assymetrically about the reference idling speed, so that regulation operates more strongly when the engine speed is too low than when it is too high, except for a dead zone on either side of the reference idling speed.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine a rotary gas motor, driven by the intake gas of the engine, drives pump providing secondary air to the engine exhaust at low engine load, and at high load a clutch connects the pump and the motor to the engine shaft, the output of the pump and the motor being delivered to the engine intake.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine employs a controllable differential pressure for the removal of air from a main air duct into a carrier air duct for proportioning the fuel to be used. The fuel system includes a fuel proportioning device and a vane pump for withdrawing a carrier air flow from the main air duct and for transporting the fuel through feed lines to the internal combustion engine. The pressure of the air at the fuel outlet and the differential pressure for fuel proportioning is controlled by a differential pressure valve located in the carrier air duct spaced from the main air duct. The differential pressure valve has a diaphragm dividing the interior of the valve into chambers with one side of the diaphragm acted upon by the air pressure in the carrier duct between the differential pressure valve and the main air duct.

Abstract: Rotary positioning apparatus for a member movable through an angle of rotation of less than 360.degree. comprising a rotor including windings thereon and a stator including a permanent magnet establishing a magnetic circuit providing magnetic flux through which the rotor is movable, the rotor and stator constituting a DC motor. The stator includes a stationary hollow shaft on which the rotor is rotatably supported by bearings. The rotor includes a neck adapted for being coupled with the member to be moved. A plurality of flexible current carrying wires extend through the hollow shaft and through slots provided in the neck to the windings for energization thereof. The hollow shaft has opposite open ends at one of which the wires enter the hollow shaft and at the other of which the wires exit from the shaft and extend through the slots to the windings such that the wires undergo twisting within the confines of the shaft as the rotor rotates with respect to the stator.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for controlling exhaust return quantities of an automatic-ignition, internal combustion engine comprising a camshaft-driven piston injection pump and an exhaust control element in an exhaust return pipe. Pressure pulses occurring in an output pressure line of the injection pump during the injection-active delivery stroke are directly or indirectly detected as regards their pulse duration as the injection duration T.sub.E and their pulse intervals as the injection period T.sub.P. A certain injection stroke or a certain quantity of fuel to be injected per work cycle may be assigned, pump-specific, to each pair of values of these quantities through a known pump stroke curve. To control the return quantity of exhaust in dependence upon the quantity of fuel injected, the dependence between the pairs of values of T.sub.E, T.sub.P on the one hand, and control quantities for the return quantities of exhaust on the other hand, are stored in an at least two-dimensional identification field.

Abstract: In a reciprocating internal combustion engine of the spark ignition type the idling rotational speed of the engine is controlled by a system in which a secondary air flow through a passage bypassing the main air intake throttle valve (1) of the engine is controlled by a valve having a conical valve member (3) co-operating with a seat (2) to form a Laval nozzle at all open positions of the valve. The valve member (3) moves in response to the pressure difference across a diaphragm (9) separating two chambers (6) and (7). The chamber (7) communicates through a throttling element (8) with the pressure P.sub.s downstream of the throttle valve (1) and contains a spring (11) biassing the diaphragm (9) to open the valve (2, 3). The chamber (6) communicates through a throttling element (12) with the pressure P.sub.a upstream of the throttle valve (1) and also communicates through a more restricted throttling element (13) with the downstream pressure P.sub.s . The communication of the chamber (6) to the pressure P.sub.