Abstract: In a semiconductor chip for Si chip based liquid crystal having insulating films and interconnection layers formed on a semiconductor substrate, a thin interconnection layer made of TiN/Ti having strong erosion resistance is formed on an uppermost interlayer insulating film having a flat surface to substantially expose the thin uppermost interconnection layer to the surface of the chip, the uppermost insulating film is covered with a protection film made of p-SiN and a thin insulating film having a mirror-like flat surface is formed on the uppermost interconnection layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of reflection type has a liquid crystal display panel and a fixture substrate for fixing the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel is provided with: a semiconductor substrate; a transparent substrate opposed to the semiconductor substrate and on which a transparent electrode is formed, the transparent substrate having a width in a first direction along a surface thereof wider than the semiconductor substrate; a liquid crystal layer sealed between the semiconductor substrate and the transparent substrate; a plurality of switching elements formed on the semiconductor substrate in a matrix manner in correspondence with a pixel arrangement; and a plurality of pixel electrodes formed in the matrix manner in correspondence with the pixel arrangement each connected to respective one of the switching elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a semiconductor substrate. A plurality of switching elements are arranged on the substrate in matrix, and a plurality of pixel electrodes are provided above the switching elements, arranged in matrix corresponding to the switching elements. A liquid crystal layer is provided on the pixel electrodes. The switching element is connected with a corresponding pixel electrode by a wiring layer. Dummy layers are provided in the same level as the wiring layer so that a surface of the dummy layer is substantially flush with a surface of the wiring layer.

Abstract: A recordable optical disc on which information is recorded by applying a light beam on the surface thereof, includes: a first recording area on which information is recorded and reproduced while the disc is rotated at a first linear velocity; and a second recording area on which information is recorded and reproduced while the disc is rotated at a second linear velocity. The first recording area and the second recording area include guide grooves having wobble frequency lower than frequency band of EFM signal.

Abstract: By the control information recording method, control information to control at least one of recording and reproducing operations of record information on an information record medium is recorded onto a guide track of the information record medium. The control information recording method is provided with the steps of: generating a control information timing signal one after another at an interval corresponding to a length of a control information unit equal to an N (N: predetermined integer not less than 2) multiple of a length of a record information unit of the record information; and recording the control information onto the guide track of the information record medium, on the basis of a timing corresponding to the control information timing signal.

Abstract: The number of vertical scanning in one field of a video signal is detected, and the number of scanning lines pulses at each row electrode of a liquid crystal display is determined in accordance with the difference between the determined number of vertical scanning lines number and the number of the row electrodes. The determined number of scanning pulses is stored in a retrace line interval. Scanning pulses are applied to the corresponding row electrode in a scanning interval. The number of row electrodes to which the scanning pulses are applied is the stored number of scanning pulses.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing semiconductor device is provided, this method comprises the steps of: depositing a metal film for forming wirings on a substrate; forming a wiring layer, wherein dummy wiring is inserted between wiring space where the dummy wiring can be inserted, and wiring space, where the dummy wiring cannot be inserted, is reduced by widening wiring pattern facing the wiring space; forming an interlayer insulating film on said wiring layer; and flattening surface of the interlayer insulating film. The film can be flattened by a CMP method or by an etchback of entire surface of the film. It is possible to flatten the surface of the semiconductor device cost-effectively and precisely.

Abstract: An optical disc includes two transparent substrate layers each having a recording surface with a plurality of pits arranged concentrically or spirally. The plurality of pits represents information stored on the recording surface. Each transparent substrate layer has a thickness of 0.6.+-.0.03 mm. A reflecting layer is formed on each of the recording surfaces of the two transparent substrate layers. An inclining angle formed between a pit inner wall and a normal line of each transparent substrate layer is 20.degree.-55.degree., and pit depth is set to be .lambda./3.5N-.lambda./2.7N. .lambda. is defined as the wavelength of a laser beam incident the optical disc for reading the information recorded on the optical disc, and N is the index of refraction of each transparent substrate layer.

Abstract: An optical apparatus including a luminous flux shaping filter for converting a shape of an incident beam without bending an optical path of the incident beam. A light beam emitted from a focusing laser source comprising a semiconductor laser is converted into a parallel light beam by a collimator lens, and then enters the luminous flux shaping filter. The luminous flux shaping filter is positioned on an optical path in the apparatus in the manner that a major axis of an oval light beam from the collimator lens is perpendicular to a longitudinal area in which the transmittance is the highest in the filter. As a result, the luminous flux shaping filter converts the oval light beam into a substantially circular light beam without bending an optical path of the light beam.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a master disc for optical discs, patterns to be displayed on the disc are classified into a main object and a background. The background is commonly assigned as the background pattern for glittering rainbow colors by diffracted light reflected from dummy pits of diffraction gratings or a hologram. The main object is individually assigned as the main object pattern of a diffused reflection portion or mirror surface. The manufacturing method comprises one group of steps for forming the common background pattern and the other group of steps for forming the individual main object pattern in the common background pattern. A development substrate for the master disc is formed by using a mask disc in a first light-exposure of a photoresist layer thereof and by using a displaying-pattern mask in a first light-exposure of the photoresist layer. The individual main object pattern is drawn in the common background pattern of the master disc by using a laser-marking or an etching.

Abstract: A disc substrate inject-molded comprises; a first circular surface having an inner non-data region formed around a center hole thereof and an outer data region formed around the non-data region; a second circular flat surface opposite and parallel to the first circular surface; and a ring shaped stack-rib formed on the non-data region.

Abstract: An optical disc has a pair of light-transmissible circular substrates each having an inner non-data region disposed around a center hole thereof, a data region disposed around the inter non-data region for bearing signals corresponding to information to be recorded and an outer non-data region disposed around the data region which are formed on a major surface of the substrate. The optical disc has a reflective layer formed on the data region and a protective layer made of an ultraviolet ray setting resin containing metal ions formed on the reflective layer. The optical disc has an adhesive layer made of an adhesive composition containing an ultraviolet ray setting component and an anaerobic hardening component disposed between the protective layers of the circular substrates for adhering the circular substrates.

Abstract: In order to provide a laminated optical disc having a sufficient display portion and a reliable print display, a pair of disc substrates are bonded together to form an optical disc, in which one disc substrate is colored and contents of recorded matters are displayed on the surface thereof so as to eliminate the ground solid print layer for the print display layer and to avoid deformation or warping of the disc.

Abstract: A coefficient data transfer processing method for a digital signal processor which has a coefficient address pointer independent of a program counter, whereby a processing program and coefficient data are transferred and supplied from a microcomputer determination, whether an instruction is a read instruction of the coefficient data to execute a read cycle steal or with is made; a value of a program counter with is made; when it is the read instruction, new coefficient data is transferred from the microcomputer to a transfer buffer at an instruction read stage and instruction decode stage in a processing unit; and the coefficient data stored in the transfer buffer is written into a coefficient data memory by the read cycle steal at an execute stage in the same processing unit.

Abstract: An optical element includes a light-transmittable substrate and a light-transmittable dry-light-curing-film layered on the substrate and having an undulant pattern on a surface thereof, characterized by the dry-light-curing-film has a specific range viscosity at room temperature in the unhardened state, a specific range thickness in the unhardened state, the specific range creep and creep recovery characteristics.

Abstract: A device for editing information includes: a device for encoding a plurality of unit information each having a predetermined length and outputting the coded unit information consecutively at a first rate; a device for generating additional information to be added to the unit information; a plurality of editing devices for storing the unit information encoded by the encoding device and processing the unit information stored and the additional information in a parallel manner with each other at a second rate different from the first rate, respectively; a device for selectively supplying the unit information outputted by said outputting device to one of the editing device; and a device for detecting the editing unit which is not performing the processing and permitting the supplying device to supply a new unit information to the editing unit thus detected when said outputting device outputs the new unit information.

Abstract: A rotation number of a motor adapted to rotate a record medium having a disc shape with respect to a pickup is controlled.

Abstract: A spin-coating device comprises; a turntable for concentrically supporting a substrate; a spindle motor for rotating the turntable about a central axis thereof and connected via a rotating shaft thereto; a supply mechanism for feeding and dripping a fluid coating material onto the substrate; and a holding mechanism for maintaining that the central axis of rotation of the turntable carrying the substrate is placed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a gravitational direction while the fluid coating material is dripped onto the rotating substrate.

Abstract: A laminate optical disc which has excellent heat resistance and also has sufficient bond strength. Radiation-curing adhesive layers are formed on a pair of transparent base plates excluding the outermost circumferential portions, respectively, and an ultraviolet-curing resin is applied to the outermost circumferential portion. Then, the pair of transparent base plates are bonded together by the radiation-curing adhesive layers, and also ultraviolet light is irradiated to the ultraviolet-curing resin to fix the base plates firmly to each other along the outermost circumferential portions. In a process for producing a laminate optical disc, radiation-curing adhesive layers are formed respectively on a pair of transparent base plates, and then irradiated with a radiation excluding at least the outermost circumferential portion to be tackified.

Abstract: A photo-resist layer of positive type, which is formed by a predetermined thickness on a disc substrate and which is exposed by a light beam modulated in accordance with record information to produce an optical record medium comprising the photo-resist layer and the disc substrate, is developed by the developing method. The developing method includes the steps of: firstly developing the exposed photo-resist layer by alkaline developing solution which has a normality of 0.17 to 0.