Abstract: A sputter coating system comprises a vacuum chamber, means for generating a vacuum in the vacuum chamber, a gas feed system attached to the vacuum chamber, a gas plasma forming system attached to the vacuum chamber, a system for confining and guiding a gas plasma within the vacuum chamber, and a prism-shaped sputter target assembly, with the material to be sputtered forming at least the outer surface of the target assembly and positioned such that the outer surface is surrounded by the plasma within the vacuum chamber. A negative polarity voltage is applied to the surface of the material such that sputtering occurs.

Abstract: A high density plasma forming apparatus is configured to sputter material from a target unto a substrate. The apparatus comprises a process chamber, a target mounted within the process chamber, and a substrate mounted within the process chamber and configured to receive material sputtered from the target. The apparatus further includes a magnetic field generator by which the plasma may be directed unto the target, a side arm open to the process chamber, and a radio frequency antenna for forming a plasma in the side arm. The radio frequency antenna is a helical coil wound around the external surface of the side arm. In use, the plasma generated within the side arm enters the process chamber in a first direction and is deflected from an angle from the first direction within the process chamber.