Abstract: A method of forming a refractory liner comprises the steps of granulating a plastic refractory material and immediately thereafter pneumatically gunning the granulated refractory material onto a job site without the addition of water. An apparatus for gunning a refractory material comprises a granulator, a pneumatic gunning pump and a nozzle. The granulator communicates directly with the pnuematic pump so that granulated plastic refractory material can be pumped and gunned immediately after it is granulated without the addition of water.