Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously extracting liquid in at least two separate streams from a vessel, continuously diluting and/or conditioning a first stream in one or more stages, producing, as a result of the extraction, dilution and/or conditioning, the first stream consisting of a dispersion of particles to be characterized, and diluting and/or conditioning a second stream, the second stream consisting of soluble components; and subjecting the first and second streams to various characterizing measurements.

Abstract: An improved evaporative light scattering detector apparatus for volatile samples is provided. Conventionally incomplete evaporation of the mobile phase (solvent) cannot be achieved for volatile samples as solvent cannot be fully removed at low temperature because the vapor becomes saturated. At higher temperatures the samples evaporate without forming an aerosol. By adding a dry evaporator gas to the sample before entering a drift tube avoids saturation of the vapor and permits complete evaporation of the solvent at low temperatures.

Abstract: A deep ultraviolet transmissive adhesive capable of transmitting deep ultraviolet light which comprises a substance represented by the chemical formula given below, and a substrate produced using the deep ultraviolet transmissive adhesive, CH2?CH—CH2—O—(CH2)2n—O—CH2—CH?CH2 In the above formula, n is an odd number represented by 2m+1 (m being a natural number).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a material containing ionic groups that form an ionic pair with a free radical catalyst. In particular, the invention relates to materials that are magnetic, and to the methods of forming such materials. For example, a method of forming paramagnetic particles is disclosed, the method comprising contacting a substance having cationic groups with an aqueous solution of Fe3+ so that all the cationic groups are exchanged for Fe3+, adjusting the pH of the solution to between 9 and 10, to form Fe(III) hydroxide, reducing a portion of the Fe(III) hydroxide to Fe(II) hydroxide to obtain a blend of the Fe(III) hydroxide the Fe(II) hydroxide, and crystallizing the two iron hydroxides to form paramagnetic particles comprising magnetite. The invention also discloses the formation of polymers from the ionic groups within the material. Various applications of the resulting materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a material containing ionic groups, in particular, to the ionic materials that form an ionic pair with a free radical catalyst. Various applications of such materials are also described. Ionic materials can include magnetic particles. Examples of free radical catalysts that can be used include 2,2?-azobis(2 -methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, and 2,2?-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane]dihydrochloride.

Abstract: An evaporative light scattering detector (1) has a solvent nebuliser (4) through which an atomised spray of solute solvent solution passes, a heated evaporation chamber (5) and a detector system (6). A diffuser trapping device (7), supported by fine wires, is positioned in the evaporation chamber (5) at about two fifths of the height of the chamber from the top. The diffuser trapping device (7) is made from randomly coiled stainless steel ribbon which gives it a large surface area. The detection system (6) is positioned at the bottom of the evaporation chamber through which a beam of collimated light passes and is scattered by the solvent and detected by a light sensitive device (14). The diffuser trapping device (7) aids evaporation of the solvent and prevents large particles from travelling further down the evaporation chamber (5).

Abstract: An evaporative light scattering detector (1) has a solvent nebulizer (4) through which an atomised spray of solute solvent solution passes, a heated evaporation chamber (5) and a detector system (6). A diffuser trapping device (7), supported by fine wires, is positioned in the evaporation chamber(5) at about two fifths of the height of the chamber from the top. The diffuser trapping device (7) is made from randomly coiled stainless steel ribbon which gives it a large surface area. The detection system (6) is positioned at the bottom of the evaporation chamber through which a beam of collimated light passes and is scattered by the solvent and detected by a light sensitive device (14). The diffuser trapping device (7) aids evaporation of the solvent and prevents large particles from travelling further down the evaporation chamber (5).

Abstract: This invention provides a novel composite magnetic bead and a method for making the composite magnetic bead. The composite magnetic bead is comprised of a matrix formed from vinyl monomers throughout which is distributed primary beads, each primary bead of which is a magnetizable metal oxide encapsulated in a rigid polymeric coating. The matrix structure allows the composite magnetic bead to swell in organic solvents without loss of the intermeshed primary beads. Further, the matrix can be functionalized to allow the covalent bonding of sites useful for organic syntheses.The composite magnetic beads are made utilizing a core-shell polymerization techinque under conditions which preserve the oxidation state of the magnetizable metal oxide in the primary particles. In one embodiment, primary beads, each having a hydrophobic exterior surface, are dispersed in an inert solvent with a vinyl monomer and a crosslinking agent for that monomer to form a dispersed phase.

Abstract: Disclosed are several methods of parting rubber from an underlying surface. Polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, starch derivatives and dextran are allsuitable parting agents for rubber. Polyvinyl pyrrolidine is a particularly effective parting agent for use in the formation of balloon-type medical catheters; it is also useful as a parting agent in the formation of synthetic membranes, blood vessels andconduits. The invention includes the method of use of these parting agents as well as the products formed by the disclosed process(es). Also disclosed is a method of forming a synthetic blood vessel of a polymer material, e.g., polyurethane.

Abstract: An extrusion drawn elongated thread-like filament comprising a minor proportion of elongated metal fibers embedded in a major proportion of thermoplastic polymer wherein the melting temperature of said metal is within the softening to molten range of said polymer and wherein said metal fiber is unidirectional and extends into the elongated length of said polymer.

Abstract: Metallized polymers are made by melting the metal and polymer together. The products have improved impact resistance and electrical and thermal conductivity. They can also be used for electromagnetic interference shielding.

Abstract: A degradable composition is made from a polymer of a mono olefin having 2--3 carbon atoms or styrene and an additive comprising (1) a derivative of an organic compound of a metal which has at least two valence states and (2) a benzoyl derivative of an organic compound or a triazole.

Abstract: Low molecular weight ethylene homo and copolymer waxes are prepared by using a combination of (1) incremental addition of free radical catalyst (2) at high temperatures up to 150.degree. C. and (3) high pressures up to 3000 psi. Preferably molten aliphatic waxes are used as the solvent.

Abstract: A steam sterilizable copolymer is prepared from 60 to 50% by weight of alpha methyl styrene and 40 to 50% by weight of methyl methacrylate. The copolymer is useful to make the barrel of syringe which is clear, water-white and shows no distortion upon steam sterilization for at least 20 minutes at 250.degree. F.

Abstract: Low molecular weight ethylene homo and copolymer waxes are prepared at pressures below 1000 psi and at temperatures below 120.degree. C. using free radical catalysts having 10-hour half-lifes at not over 60.degree. C.

Abstract: A degradable composition is made from a polymer of a mono olefin having 2-3 carbon atoms or styrene and an additive comprising (1) a derivative of an organic compound of a metal which has at least two valence states and (2) a benzoyl derivative of an organic compound or a triazole.

Abstract: Improved active agent systems with novel carriers as membrane, release, and coating polymers for said active agents; the polymers are water absorptive polyurethane polymers prepared from resins having a low ratio of carbon to oxygen to nitrogen or having ionic, quaternary ammonium or salt groups in the resin backbone and a low amount of isocyanate; the water absorptivity of the polyurethane polymers is above 10%, preferably above 20%, and these polymers may range to completely gel-like, high water absorbtive polymers; these active agent polymers are useful as in medicinal, insecticidal, pesticidal, algaecidal, etc. applications; as well as zero release agents, body implants and coatings requiring hydrophilic properties; other use for the active agent systems are in sensing membranes or coatings or ion transport recognition devices such as in gaseous or liquid media; as a hydrogel providing a leachable matrix wherein the leaching agent may be body fluids, e. g., animals or human, e. g.