Abstract: A noise reducer for reducing engine noise of a jet engine having a central axis and a main exhaust nozzle. The noise reducer includes a tubular member having ports at a distal end and is aligned along the central axis. The ports are located in the exhaust stream of the engine outside the main exhaust nozzle. A gaseous flow is injected into the exhaust stream from the ports in an angled direction with respect to the central axis.

Abstract: A large periodic array of ideally isotropic antenna elements permits electronic beam scanning and has a performance of power coupling from signal sources at the antenna inputs which is independent of the azimuth (?) scanning direction, dependent only on one spatial variable (elevation angle, ?) of scanning Such performance from an antenna array normally can not be achieved using conventional designs. Such an antenna array may be used in communications and radars.

Abstract: A new antenna includes a rectangular slot element provided on a conducting plate and covered by a special substrate portion. The substrate portion includes stacked layers of capacitively-loaded conducting ring elements, arranged in the form of an (e.g., periodic) array in each layer. The slot antenna element is excited by a parallel-plate waveguide, which is fabricated below the conducting plate on which the slot antenna is made. The antenna design, when used in the form of a single antenna element, would produce ideally uniform power radiation over all directions in the upper hemi-spherical space. A large periodic array of such ideally isotropic antenna elements permits electronic beam scanning and has a performance of power coupling from signal sources at the antenna inputs which is independent of the azimuth (?) scanning direction, dependent only on one spatial variable (elevation angle, ?) of scanning. Such performance from an antenna array normally can not be achieved using conventional designs.

Abstract: A method to control, inhibit, and kill pathogens and normal microbial strains that includes, but not limited to plant, animal and human pathogens, biofilm forming microbes, biofouling microbes, algae, fungi, bacteria, virus and protozoa using natural SL, MSL derivative and combinations thereof encompassed by the combination invention.

Abstract: An extensometer having a loop of a single-mode optical fiber. At least two points of the loop are attached to desired locations on a specimen. Light is transmitted through the loop and the transmitted optical power is measured by a photodetector. The deformation of the specimen causes the size and shape of the loop to change, which changes the transmitted optical power. The change in optical power is related to extension or compression using calibration curves. The sensor works on the principle of transmitted power modulation through the curved section.

Abstract: A method for controlling pests by modifying derivatives of sophorolipids (SL) and applying the modified sophorolipid derivatives (MSL) to the plant pathogen or to an environment in which the pathogens may occur or are located in an amount such that the pathogens are substantially controlled.

Abstract: A biodegradable material, capable of carrying a bioactive agent, comprising a polymer matrix and an enzyme capable of degrading the polymer matrix to enable the release of the bioactive agent.

Abstract: File carving is a technique whereby data files are extracted from a digital device without the assistance of file tables or other disk meta-data, and can therefore be used to recover files that are fragmented. Sequential hypothesis testing procedures are used to detect a fragmentation point of a file by sequentially comparing adjacent pairs of blocks from the starting block of a file until the fragmentation point is reached. The detected fragmentation point can be used to help recover the fragmented file. Such a serial analysis helps to minimize errors and improve performance.

Abstract: Several promising techniques have been recently proposed to bind an image or video to its source acquisition device. These techniques have been intensively studied to address performance issues, but the computational efficiency aspect has not been given due consideration. Considering very large databases, the efficiency of the sensor fingerprint based source device identification technique is described. Novel schemes that improve search complexity as compared to a conventional approach are described.

Abstract: Hydrogels formed from hyaluronic acid, a nanoclay and gelatin-type A. The hyaluronic acid is preferably dissolved in a cell culture medium containing amino acids, salts, glucose, vitamins and an antibiotic to form a hyaluronic acid solution. The gelatin-type A has a weight/volume of from about 0.02% to 0.08%. The nanoclay is exfoliated in deionized water and preferably includes SiO2, MgO, Na2O and Li2O.

Abstract: A method for use of a peptide probe that generates fluorescence signals rapidly upon recognition of various A? aggregates without significant perturbation of samples. The present peptide probes display an increase in fluorescence signals upon coincubation with A? oligomers, but neither monomeric/dimeric species nor fibrils. The detection can occur within an hour or two without any additional sample preparation and incubation steps.

Abstract: Methods for analysis of interactions between nucleic acid-binding agents (BAs) and nucleic acids (NAs) by performance of nucleic acid denaturation assays on solid supports. Typically, BA is a small molecule less than 1000 g/gmol in molecular weight. The methods provide quantitative thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of BA-NA interaction; for example, in the form of free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of BA-NA binding in case of thermodynamic analysis, or in the form of rate constants and activation energies of BA-NA binding in the case of kinetic analysis. Examples of BAs of interest include transcription regulators and other NA-recognition molecules such as dyes and drug potentiators, DNA-targeted therapeutic agents including anticancer, antibiotic, antiviral, and antitrypanosomal compounds, carcinogens, and any other molecules whose interaction with DNA may, or is suspected to, lead to a biologically-relevant consequence.

Abstract: A process for preparing unique peptide mixtures with a broad range of uses using combinations of natural and non-natural amino acid alkyl ester monomers and specific combinations of these monomers as dimers, trimers and higher oligomers selected from the large group of structural motifs that lead to useful physical and/or biological properties and that have been or may be identified from solid state peptide synthesis, isolation of peptides from natural sources, and production of peptides by recombinant DNA methods, or identification of peptides by recombinant methods such as phage display, the method of peptide synthesis comprising a) admixing one or more natural and non-natural amino acid alkyl ester monomer, dimer, trimer and higher oligomers with one or more proteases in a reaction medium; b) heating the mixture to between about 5° C. to about 90° C. for between 5 minutes and 24 hours; and c) recovering the formed oligopeptide.

Abstract: MD-FEC is considered an efficient way to generate a large number of descriptions. However, typically, MD-FEC introduces significant redundancy across streams. MD-FEC encoded streams (descriptions) are adapted based on feedback. Specifically, the bits sent in each description by a supplying peer are adapted based on the number of available descriptions in its receiving peer. The adaptive delivery eliminates unnecessary bits in the original MD-FEC streams (descriptions), and significantly reduces the consumed uplink bandwidth at supplying peers. The saved bandwidth can be used to accommodate more video sessions or for other applications.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for delivering bioactive agents, such as vitamins, hormones, nutrients and drugs, by stabilizing and or solubilizing these agents in a polymer matrix. The carrier polymers can be used in drug delivery and are useful for delivery of small molecules.

Abstract: A method for neutralizing or inactivating a virus, and neutralizing or inactivating HIV using sophorolipids having antiviral properties produced by synthesizing the sophorolipid by fermentation of Candida bombicola in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids compounds and non-lactonic sophorolipids compounds and utilizing the natural mixture as an antiviral agent, and/or separating the lactonic sophorolipids from the natural mixture to form a lactonic fraction and mixing all remaining fractions to form a non-lactonic fraction and utilizing the lactonic fraction and/or the non-lactonic fraction as an antiviral agent, and sophorolipid compounds for use as antiviral agents.

Abstract: A scheme to achieve fast recovery from SRLG failures in the IP layer is described. An exemplary scheme, called multi-section shortest path first (“MSSPF”), builds on the idea of IP Fast Reroute (“IPFRR”), guarantees 100% recovery of SRLG failures and causes no dead loops.

Abstract: Use of Morpholinos, a class of uncharged DNA analogues, for surface-hybridization applications. Monolayers of Morpholino probes on gold supports are fabricated with methods similar to those employed with DNA, and are used to hybridize efficiently and sequence-specifically with target strands. Hybridization-induced changes in the interfacial charge organization are analyzed with electrochemical methods and compared for Morpholino and DNA probe monolayers. Molecular mechanisms connecting surface hybridization state to the interfacial capacitance are identified and interpreted through comparison to numerical Poisson-Boltzmann calculations. Positive as well as negative capacitive responses (contrast inversion) to hybridization are possible, depending on surface populations of mobile ions as controlled by the applied potential.

Abstract: Effective control of communications traffic, even under fast-changing DDoS attacks, might be performed by (a) determining parameters of a leaky bucket using nominal communications traffic, (b) applying current communications traffic to the leaky bucket, (c) observing overflows, if any, of the leaky bucket, (d) scoring the current traffic based on the observed overflows, and (e) passing or dropping traffic based on the score. Alternatively, such control might be performed by (a) determining average mean and variance of each of one or more attribute values of nominal communications traffic, (b) determining a mean of each of the one or more attribute values of current communications traffic, (c) determining a probability that for each of the one or more attributes, its current mean value deviates more from its average mean that its current attribute value, (d) scoring the current traffic based on the determined probability or probabilities, and (e) passing or dropping traffic based on the score.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for controlling the adhesive bond between an electric-field responsive material and a substrate, which method comprises using an electric field to control the strength and integrity of the adhesive bond. The method may be used, for example, for removing or delaminating a material, which material is responsive to an electric field, from a substrate. The invention further comprises elimination of the application of the electric field and application of the previously removed electric-field-responsive material to the substrate, thereby resuming the strength and integrity of the adhesive bond. The invention includes apparatus for use in the bond controlling process.