Abstract: In one aspect, a switch mode power supply comprises a first inductive element; a first switching element, wherein a first end of the first switching element is connected to a second end of the first inductive element; a second inductive element; a second switching element, wherein a first end of the second switching element is connected to a second end of the second inductive element; and wherein a first power source terminal is connected to a first end of the first inductive element and a first end of the second inductive element, and a second power source terminal is connected to a second end of the first switching element and a second end of the second switching element, and wherein a load is connected to the first end of the first switching element and the first end of the second switching element.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating a high time-varying AC voltage using low voltage power semiconductors arranged in series bridge circuits, each powered by an independent DC source. At least one bipolar output pulse width modulation bridge circuit and at least a pair of bipolar output square wave generator bridge circuits have their outputs added together and passed through a low pass filter to form a time-varying, typically sinusoidal, AC output waveform. A first square wave generator has an output with a relative magnitude of 6, a second square wave generator has an output with a relative magnitude of 2 and the pulse width modulator has an output with a relative magnitude of 1. Additional square wave generators of relative magnitude 6 may be added to increase the output voltage.

Abstract: A voltage spike suppressor for polyphase systems including those with alternatively connectable polyphase sources, the suppressor having a diode bridge network connected to couple overvoltage transients exceeding the nominal line voltage by more than twice the forward drop of a diode in the bridge network to a capacitor and resistor network. In four-wire systems, a center-tap in the capacitor and resistor network can be connected to the neutral lead in the power circuit. Metal Oxide Varistors may be used to clamp the center-tap voltage in the capacitor-resistor network. A diode clamp circuit may be used to limit common-mode voltage transient swings in the capacitor-resistor network and in the neutral terminal when present.

Abstract: A liquid level sensor device, particularly adapted for use with corrosive and hazardous liquids such as oil, for measuring the liquid level in a storage tank or vessel. A tubular device is placed vertically in a liquid storage tank and senses the liquid level by having a float embedded with magnets move vertically along the axis of reed switches encased in the tubular device. The device contains temperature sensors to measure the temperature of the tank fluid, and microprocessors that scan the reed switches, transmitting data through a connector in the device top to a nearby computer for recording and transmission to a control and monitoring location. The electrical data system inside the device utilizes only two conductive trace runs throughout the device length to maximize reliability while minimizing the copper used. Special mechanical and electrical assembly connectors inside the device permit the device to flex safely in turbulent liquid conditions, without breakage.

Abstract: A voltage propulsion drive coil assembly for a linear motor propulsion system for powering and propelling a magnetic levitation train in a track. The linear motor propulsion system includes at least one moving magnet assembly formed of a plurality of uniformly spaced pole ends with alternating magnetic polarity. The drive coil assembly includes a plurality of coils, each coil at least as long as the length of the magnet assembly and each coil at least as wide as the width of the magnet assembly. The coils and the magnet assembly are aligned lengthwise and arranged so that a constant number of coils is cut by magnetic flux lines at any given time. The coils comprise wire wound a predetermined number of turns. The number of turns in a coil is: (i) inversely proportional to the speed the train is expected to travel at that point on the track and (ii) directly proportional to the force required to propel the train at that point on the track.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating a high time-varying AC voltage using low voltage power semiconductors arranged in series bridge circuits, each powered by an independent DC source. At least one bipolar output pulse width modulation bridge circuit and at least a pair of bipolar output square wave generator bridge circuits have their outputs added together and passed through a low pass filter to form a time-varying, typically sinusoidal, AC output waveform. A first square wave generator has an output with a relative magnitude of 6, a second square wave generator has an output with a relative magnitude of 2 and the pulse width modulator has an output with a relative magnitude of 1. Additional square wave generators of relative magnitude 6 may be added to increase the output voltage.