Abstract: Extended release pyridostigmine dosage forms, suitable for maintaining stable plasma concentrations with reduced or minimized initial burst release/dose dumping of pyridostigmine, are provided. The dosage forms include matrix tablets, gastroretentive tablets, and pellets, the latter being suitable for dosing in capsules, tablets, and sachets, as well as for sprinkling on foodstuffs. The disclosure also provides methods for improving patient compliance by administering once-a-day extended release pyridostigmine bromide dosage forms that provide a superior controlled drug release.

Abstract: A method for controlling temperature of a heating element in an electronic inhaler for vaporizing an aerosol forming substrate. The method includes, in a first stage, applying power to and increasing a temperature of the heating element from an initial temperature to a first temperature; in a second stage, controlling power to decrease the temperature of the heating element from the first temperature to a second temperature; and in a third stage, controlling the heating element to provide a constant temperature operation at the second temperature. During detection of inhalation, power to the heating element is increased to raise its temperature to a third temperature. In the third stage, the heating element increases the temperature only when suction is detected, thereby ensuring that a supply of an aerosol to the inhaler and minimize waste of electric energy and the aerosol forming substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relates to an electronic cigarette, comprising a cigarette cartridge; a cigarette rod, which is connected to the cigarette cartridge and which is used to supply electricity to the cigarette cartridge; a decorative part, wherein there is at least one decorative part arranged along the periphery direction partially or fully encircling the cigarette rod. The decorative part of the electronic cigarette is arranged encircling the cigarette rod of the electronic cigarette. When the electronic cigarette slips and falls onto the ground, the decorative part will touch the ground first, providing a cushioning and shock-absorbing effect, thereby protecting the cigarette rod such that inner elements of the cigarette rod may work normally.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a loosening mechanism and an aerial fog generating device, wherein the loosening mechanism comprises a rotating portion; the rotating portion comprises an outer housing and an inner housing, the outer housing is sleeved onto the inner housing, and the inner housing is used for placing an aerial fog forming substrate; a pressing mechanism is provided on the inner housing, the outer housing is capable of moving along a circumferential direction, and the circumferential movement is converted into axial movement to drive the pressing mechanism to apply a radial pressing force to the aerial fog forming substrate; the inner housing is capable of being rotatably connected to the aerial fog generating device between a first position and a second position, and the aerial fog forming substrate and a heating element are capable of generating relative movement in the circumferential direction in the process from the first position to the second position; and the aerial fog forming substra

Abstract: Extended release pyridostigmine dosage forms, suitable for maintaining stable plasma concentrations with reduced or minimized initial burst release/dose dumping of pyridostigmine, are provided. The dosage forms include matrix tablets, gastroretentive tablets, and pellets, the latter being suitable for dosing in capsules, tablets, and sachets, as well as for sprinkling on foodstuffs. The disclosure also provides methods for improving patient compliance by administering once-a-day extended release pyridostigmine bromide dosage forms that provide a superior controlled drug release.

Abstract: A water-based electronic cigarette liquid is disclosed. The water-based electronic cigarette liquid includes the following ingredients in parts by mass: 5-60 parts of water, 5-50 parts of smoke ingredient which is solid at normal temperature and is soluble in water, and 0-30 parts of glycerol. The electronic cigarette liquid in this invention has environmental protection, high safety, comfortable smoking taste, high smoke producing effect, and low viscosity.

Abstract: Extended release pyridostigmine dosage forms, suitable for maintaining stable plasma concentrations with reduced or minimized initial burst release/dose dumping of pyridostigmine, are provided. The dosage forms include matrix tablets, gastroretentive tablets, and pellets, the latter being suitable for dosing in capsules, tablets, and sachets, as well as for sprinkling on foodstuffs. The disclosure also provides methods for improving patient compliance by administering once-a-day extended release pyridostigmine bromide dosage forms that provide a superior controlled drug release.

Abstract: A low-harm cigarette subjected to smoke enhancement, comprising cigarette paper, a filter tip, and an aerosol generating substrate. The aerosol generating substrate comprises a tobacco sheet subjected to smoke enhancement and/or tobacco shreds subjected to smoke enhancement.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides extended release trihexyphenidyl compositions suitable for once- or twice-daily administration. The compositions comprise a core comprising organic acid that is coated with at least one drug layer comprising trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride, and a functional coat over the drug-layered core. The extended release compositions of the disclosure provide extended release of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride, with reduced Cmax, and a Cmin:Cmax ratio of ?0.4, while maintaining a therapeutically effective concentration for a period of at least about 16 hours. The compositions of the disclosure improve solubility of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride, at a pH of greater than or equal to 5, to maintain its minimum effective concentration at such pH.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides osmotic, floating gastroretentive compositions comprising a multilayer core comprising a pull layer containing liothyronine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an acid, a gas-generating agent, a first osmogen, and at least one water-soluble hydrophilic polymer; and a push layer comprising a polyethylene oxide polymer with an average molecular weight of at least 900,000 Da, and a second osmogen. The composition further comprises a permeable elastic membrane covering at least a portion of the multilayer core and containing at least one orifice in fluid communication with the pull layer. The composition provides sustained release, while maintaining plasma concentration of from 0.5 ng/ml to 3 ng/ml, of liothyronine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, for at least 6 hours.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a releasing mechanism, an aerosol generating device, a releasing method, and a smoking producing article. The releasing mechanism comprises: a rotary portion connected to the aerosol generating device rotatably between a first position and a second position, an aerosol-forming substrate and a heating body are relatively movable in a circumferential direction during switching from the first position to the second position; both in the first position and in the second position, the aerosol-forming substrate is in contact with the heating body. By using the releasing mechanism of the present invention, a user is allowed to easily pull out the aerosol-forming substrate from the heating body, and it is convenient to use and also facilitates cleaning of the aerosol generating device by a user.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides programmable osmotic-controlled oral compositions providing delayed extended release of a therapeutically acceptable amount of methylphenidate hydrochloride. The programmable osmotic-controlled compositions of the disclosure provide a lag time that is independent of the presence or absence of food, type of food, pH, gastric emptying, and volume of gastric fluid. The compositions of the disclosure can be programmed to provide a desired and precise lag time, and release drug, after the lag time, at a rhythm that matches the circadian rhythm of an individual being treated to optimize therapeutic outcome and minimize side effects.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides programmable osmotic-controlled oral compositions providing delayed release of a therapeutically acceptable amount of a drug. The programmable osmotic-controlled compositions of the disclosure provide a lag time that is independent of the presence or absence of food, type of food, pH, gastric emptying, gastric motility, and volume and viscosity of gastric fluid. The compositions of the disclosure can be programmed to provide a desired and precise lag time, and release drug, after the lag time, at a rhythm, e.g., that matches the human circadian rhythm of a condition's symptoms and/or of the individual being treated in the application of the therapy to optimize therapeutic outcome and minimize side effects.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides extended release trihexyphenidyl compositions suitable for once- or twice-daily administration. The compositions comprise a core comprising at least one organic acid; at least one drug layer comprising trihexyphenidyl or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof over the core; and a functional coat over the drug-layered core. The compositions of the disclosure provide extended release with reduced Cmax, a Cmin:Cmax ratio of ?0.4, Fluctuation Index of ?1, while providing and maintaining at least a minimum therapeutically effective plasma concentration, of the trihexyphenidyl or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for at least about 10 hours. The compositions of the disclosure improve solubility of the trihexyphenidyl or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof at a pH of greater than or equal to 5, to provide and maintain at least a minimum effective concentration of the drug at such pH.

Abstract: A method for evaluating a gas well productivity with eliminating an influence of liquid loading includes steps of: collecting basic data of a liquid loading gas well; according to a relative density of natural gas, a formation depth, and a casing pressure during a productivity test, determining a pressure generated by a static gas column in an annular space between a casing and a tubing from a well head to a bottomhole of the gas well, and obtaining a bottomhole pressure without liquid loading; according to a pseudo-pressure of a formation pore pressure, pseudo-pressures of the bottomhole pressure respectively under the conditions of liquid loading and no liquid loading, and a production rate under the condition of liquid loading, determining a production rate without liquid loading, and determining an absolute open flow rate with eliminating the influence of liquid loading.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides programmable osmotic-controlled oral compositions providing delayed release of a therapeutically acceptable amount of a drug. In certain embodiments, the programmable osmotic-controlled compositions of the disclosure provide a lag time that is independent of the presence or absence of food, type of food, pH, gastric emptying, and volume of gastric fluid. The programmable osmotic-controlled oral compositions of the disclosure comprise a multilayer core comprising a drug for controlled release, wherein the core is coated with a semipermeable membrane comprising an orifice and, optionally, an immediate release coating, comprising a drug for immediate release, over the semipermeable membrane. The multilayered core comprises a pull layer containing the drug and a push layer.

Abstract: Extended release pyridostigmine dosage forms, suitable for maintaining stable plasma concentrations with reduced or minimized initial burst release/dose dumping of pyridostigmine, are provided. The dosage forms include matrix tablets, gastroretentive tablets, and pellets, the latter being suitable for dosing in capsules, tablets, and sachets, as well as for sprinkling on foodstuffs. The disclosure also provides methods for improving patient compliance by administering once-a-day extended release pyridostigmine bromide dosage forms that provide a superior controlled drug release.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides programmable osmotic-controlled oral compositions providing delayed release of a therapeutically acceptable amount of a drug. The programmable osmotic-controlled compositions of the disclosure provide a lag time that is independent of the presence or absence of food, type of food, pH, gastric emptying, gastric motility, and volume and viscosity of gastric fluid. The compositions of the disclosure can be programmed to provide a desired and precise lag time, and release drug, after the lag time, at a rhythm, e.g., that matches the human circadian rhythm of a condition's symptoms and/or of the individual being treated in the application of the therapy to optimize therapeutic outcome and minimize side effects.