Abstract: It is the object of the present invention to present a method of producing silicon, characterized by mixing silicon dioxide and at least one metal oxide at an elevated temperate wherein said oxide and silicon form a eutectic mixture or eutectic system.

Abstract: It is the object of the present invention to present a cell for extracting oxygen from lunar regolith via Molten Oxide Electrolysis, comprising (i) a cathode, (ii) an anode and (iii) a crucible, wherein the anode is characterized as at least partially liquid. The anode may be constructed from palladium, lead, silver, gold, platinum tantalum, or from a mixture.

Abstract: Provided is a biological fluidic system that provides a high degree of sterilization by performing the biological processing in a closed system in which the fluid is contained in chambers that are isolated from the environment in a manner that does not permit ingress of contaminants.

Abstract: An extruder for automatically adjusting a temperature for optimal viscosity of materials extruded through a three-dimensional printer. The extruder includes a nozzle configured to extrude a material at a set viscosity; a thermal regulator located adjacent to the nozzle through which the material is extruded, where a temperature of the thermal regulator is adjustable within a predetermined range of temperatures suitable for the material; a motor configured to advance the material through the thermal regulator and the nozzle; a motion sensor configured to detect a speed of the motor as the material passes through the extruder; a current sensor configured to detect a resistance operating against the motor as the material passes through the extruder; and a controller configured to adjust the temperature of the thermal regulator for optimal viscosity of the material based on the detected speed of the motor and the detected resistance operating against the motor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for management of digital media content (DMC). The method includes providing, by a consumer, a token associated with a DMC. The method further includes authenticating the provided token to generate a DMC registration code for the DMC. The method further includes activating a license for the DMC corresponding to the generated DMC registration code. The method further includes triggering an action for a creator of the DMC in response to activation of the license therefor. The method further includes generating an access key for the DMC upon triggering of the action. The method further includes registering the generated access key for the DMC to the consumer.

Abstract: A liquid drug transfer device for use with an injection vial which includes a vial adapter having a puncturing cannula for puncturing a vial stopper and a fluid transfer port in flow communication with the puncturing cannula. The vial adapter includes set-up vial retention flex members for vial retention purposes in a set-up position without puncturing an injection vial and activation vial retention flex members for vial retention purposes in an activation position puncturing the injection vial.

Abstract: A nozzle for a three-dimensional (3D) printer. The nozzle includes: a first chamber; a second chamber with a spout at a lower end thereof; a shaft disposed within the first chamber with a rod that extends through an aperture at a bottom end of the first chamber to the second chamber; a spring within the first chamber, where the spring biases the shaft toward an upper end of the first chamber; a channel guide configured to receive printing material and connected to the second chamber; an electric coil surrounding the exterior of the first chamber; and a controller communicatively connected to the electric coil and configured to control an electrical current of the electric coil such that a magnetic field is changed to manipulate the position of the shaft and the rod, wherein the rod is extended through the second channel when the shaft is in an extended position.

Abstract: An extruder for automatically adjusting a temperature for optimal viscosity of materials extruded through a three-dimensional printer. The extruder includes a nozzle configured to extrude a material at a set viscosity; a thermal regulator located adjacent to the nozzle through which the material is extruded, where a temperature of the thermal regulator is adjustable within a predetermined range of temperatures suitable for the material; a motor configured to advance the material through the thermal regulator and the nozzle; a motion sensor configured to detect a speed of the motor as the material passes through the extruder; a current sensor configured to detect a resistance operating against the motor as the material passes through the extruder; and a controller configured to adjust the temperature of the thermal regulator for optimal viscosity of the material based on the detected speed of the motor and the detected resistance operating against the motor.

Abstract: A test rig of the closed loop type for testing power transmission units of any geometry, in particular helicopter transmissions, comprising drives with friction belts, flat belts in particular. The belt drives have pulleys with diameters that compensate for the creep in the belts. In some embodiments, the test rig comprises ‘slave’ transmissions. In some embodiments the slave transmission is positioned and oriented in such a manner that all its input and output shafts, regardless their different space angles, become parallel and rotating in the same direction as their corresponding shafts on the tested transmission. The shafts can thus be connected by the flat belt drives to close the loops. In other embodiments, sets of gearboxes are run with their slave units; their orientation is also set so as to enable the parallelism and identity of the rotational direction of the shafts the belt drives are connected to.

Abstract: A status of a battery operated infuser may be detected by measuring a controlled input parameter. The measurement may be used to determine a magnitude of the input parameter and a parameter of the control. For example, control of power input to a motor may be by pulse density modulation. An integral of current over time may serve as a measure of current magnitude and pulse density. The result of the integral may be used to determine the status of the injector. The status may include normal functions for example start of pumping and/or malfunctions such as occlusion or drive disengagement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for delivery of a drug to a recipient. In some embodiments, the delivery apparatus may unseal a drug containing reservoir. In some embodiments, the delivery rate may be controlled and/or adjustable. Optionally the apparatus may be disposable. Optionally, the apparatus may have a low profile and/or be wearable and/or attachable to the recipient. Optionally, discharge of the drug and/or unsealing of the reservoir may be driven by a plunger moving parallel to the base of the apparatus. Optionally, the apparatus may release a hypodermic needle into the recipient. Optionally, release of the hypodermic needle may be in a direction non-parallel and/or orthogonal to the direction of movement of the plunger. Optionally, prior to release, the hypodermic needle may be preserved in an aseptic state by a needle opening septum sealing a needle opening. Optionally, upon release, the hypodermic needle may pierce the needle opening septum.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for administering a substance to a subject. A vial contains the substance and a stopper is disposed within the vial and is slidably coupled to the vial. A first threaded element is (a) rotatable with respect to the vial and (b) substantially immobile proximally with respect to the vial during rotation of the first threaded element. A second threaded element is threadedly coupled to the first threaded element. At least a distal end of the second threaded element is substantially non-rotatable with respect to the vial, and the distal end of the second threaded element defines a coupling portion that couples the second threaded element to the stopper. The first threaded element, by rotating, linearly advances the stopper and at least the distal end of the second threaded element toward a distal end of the vial. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Dual vial adapter assemblages similar to U.S. Pat. No. 6,558,365 to Zinger et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 8,752,598 to Denenburg et al. and including a quick release drug vial adapter with an upright finger grip extension pair oppositely for manually urging inwards towards one another for releasing same from a drug vial. The quick release drug vial adapter ensures correct usage of a dual vial adapter assemblage by preventing immediate removal of a drug vial adapter from a drug vial after forming a liquid drug therein thereby assisting a healthcare provider to follow an administration protocol requiring an initial aspiration of some liquid drug for immediate administration purposes to a patient prior to subsequent infusion of the liquid drug remainder.

Abstract: Liquid drug transfer devices with universal drug vial adapters for use with a drug vial of a small drug vial and a large drug vial. Some universal drug vial adapters employ the same generally opposite upright flex members for clamping a small drug vial and a large drug vial. Other universal drug vial adapters include a set of minor flex members for clamping a small drug vial and a set of major flex members encircling the set of minor flex members for clamping a large drug vial whereupon the large drug vial underlies the set of minor flex members. Liquid drug transfer devices with a universal injection port connector for attachment on an injection port of an infusion bag.

Abstract: A drug container closure for mounting on an open-topped drug container to form a ready-to-use drug reconstitution assemblage for use with a needleless syringe. The drug container closure includes a drug container stopper for sealing the drug container and a fluid transfer member with an integral needleless syringe connector and a puncturing cannula. The fluid transfer member is manually disposed along a diametric inverted L-shaped track pair from an initial non-puncturing position to a puncturing position. The inverted L-shaped track pair includes one-way snap members to prevent a user returning the fluid transfer member to an earlier position and indicating progress of the user activation.