Abstract: A wrench tool is described comprising an orifice which has a predetermined geometry for controlling the rotation of a hexagonal work piece. The orifice is substantially cylindrical and comprises an array of only eighteen longitudinal grooves positioned therein. The grooves form a symmetrical pattern around an imaginary central axis. The grooves are formed and spaced apart so as to create an array of only eighteen longitudinal protuberances. The protuberances form a symmetrical pattern around the imaginary central axis for engagement with the work piece. In one embodiment, the protuberances are positioned apart relative to each other and to the imaginary central axis by predetermined dimensions.

Abstract: A hand operable wrench is described which comprises a wrench head at one end thereof, and a substantially metallic lever formed as a handle extending in a longitudinal direction from the wrench head. The wrench head has an imaginary axis of wrench rotation, and the handle is formed substantially nontwisted comprising a first handle portion, a second handle portion and a third handle portion. The first handle portion connects to the wrench head, and the second handle portion is longitudinally positioned between the first and third handle portions. The first and third handle portions each have a cross-sectional shape when viewed in a cross-sectional plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A handle shroud for use with a double-ended wrench having a twisted handle configuration is described. The handle shroud is formed to substantially cover at least a portion of the twisted handle of the double-ended wrench so as to improve user comfort and ergonomics. The handle shroud is further formed being at least partially hollow and comprising an elongated opening at each end thereof with each elongated opening having a predetermined direction of elongation. And, the direction of elongation of one opening is substantially perpendicular to the direction of elongation of the other opening. In some preferred embodiments, the handle shroud is externally formed being substantially non-twisted.

Abstract: A compact, ergonomic telephony keypad is described which comprises three principle buttons capable of performing twelve distinct electronic switch operations. The three principle buttons are positioned in a group comprising a telephony keypad with each button formed for tactile manipulation to achieve four of the twelve switch operations. Each button also has four tactile depressible areas positioned thereon around an imaginary central axis. The four tactile depressible areas are spaced about equally apart around the imaginary central axis of each of the principle buttons. And, the three principle buttons are spaced apart and positioned relative to each other so as to substantially maximize the spacing of the twelve depressible areas, while, substantially minimizing the spacing of the principle buttons.

Abstract: A double-ended wrench is described comprising a first wrench head connected to one end of a nondetachable elongated handle and a second wrench head connected to the other end thereof. Each wrench head has an orifice formed for engagement with various fasteners, and each orifice has an imaginary central axis of wrench rotation. The first wrench head is positioned relative to the second wrench head whereas the axis of wrench rotation of the first wrench head is substantially perpendicular to the axis of wrench rotation of the second wrench head. The nondetachable elongated handle is formed comprising a first handle portion connecting to the first wrench head, and a second handle portion connecting to the second wrench head, and a third handle portion located between the first and second handle portions.

Abstract: A device for the display and preservation of a coin is described, the device comprises a coin housing and a display board. The coin housing comprises at least two, substantially transparent interconnecting members formed to house a coin therein with a substantially air-tight encapsulation. The coin housing further has a periphery formed with at least a portion thereof having a flange. The periphery has predetermined outer dimensions. The display board has a cavity formed therein and the cavity is formed through the display board having a periphery formed to accommodate the periphery of the coin housing to receive and secure the coin housing therein. The flange is further formed so as to prevent the coin housing from being pushed fully through the cavity of the display board.

Abstract: An adjustable, open end wrench is described having a wrench head for turning a variety of different size fasteners. The wrench head comprises two jaws each having an engaging surface for engaging with the fasteners. One jaw is generally fixed and connected to a gripping portion formed as a wrench lever and the other jaw is movable relative to the fixed jaw. The wrench head comprises an adjustable mechanism by which the jaws may be spaced apart including a defined maximum spacing dimension between the jaws. The wrench head further comprises an imaginary centerline intersecting both of the jaws through a midpoint of a length of the jaws substantially perpendicular to the engaging surfaces of the jaws as viewed from a side view thereof And further wherein, each jaw has a width dimension measured at the centerline, and the width dimension of both jaws combined is also defined.

Abstract: A prying bar is described which comprises an elongated portion which has a longitudinal reference axis and is longer than any other portion of the prying bar. The prying bar also has a hook portion which is substantially U-shaped and has a tapered end which defines an imaginary reference line diverging outward relative to the longitudinal reference axis of the elongated portion at an angle equal to or less than 90.degree.. And, the prying bar has a transitional portion formed between the hook portion and the elongated portion. The transitional portion is not parallel to the longitudinal reference axis so that the elongated portion is positioned away from the tapered end of the hook so that clearance is provided for a user's hand to grasp the elongated portion when prying next to a work surface which is generally parallel to the longitudinal reference axis.

Abstract: An adjustable, open end wrench is described which has a wrench head for turning a variety of different size fasteners. The wrench head comprises two jaws each having an engaging surface for engaging with the fasteners. One jaw is generally fixed and connected to a gripping portion formed as a wrench lever and the other jaw is movable relative to the fixed jaw. The wrench head comprises an adjustable mechanism by which the jaws may be spaced apart including a maximum spacing dimension between the jaws. The wrench head further comprises an imaginary centerline intersecting both of the jaws substantially perpendicular to the engaging surfaces of the jaws as viewed from a side view thereof. And further wherein, each jaw has a width dimension measured at the centerline, and the width dimension of both jaws combined is relative to the maximum spacing dimension between the jaws.

Abstract: A quick connector (10) has a pair of waist segments (76 and 81), a shoulder segment (163), a body segment (72) with an aperture (156) therein, and a leg segment (78). The leg segment (78) is defined by a pair of projecting elements (163) which are at least partially compressible toward one another thereby causing the pair of waist segments (76 and 81) to move toward one another. Thus, a swivellable connection is made which has the equivalent length and diameter of a convention non-swivellable threaded coupling. The quick connector (10) may be released by hand or a snap ring tool inserted into holes (410).

Abstract: A wrench tool is described which has an orifice with a driving end for turning fasteners. The orifice is substantially cylindrical and comprises an array of longitudinal, engaging surfaces positioned therein forming a symmetrical pattern around an imaginary central axis. At least three of the longitudinal engaging surfaces each have at least a small region thereon roughened, and the roughened, internal engaging surfaces form a pattern around the imaginary central axis. And, each roughened region is formed so as to enhance longitudinal friction between the wrench tool and the fasteners. In some preferred embodiments, there is a predetermined total number of longitudinal engaging surfaces, and the total number of longitudinal engaging surfaces is divisible by six using whole numbers.

Abstract: A wrench is described for turning various fasteners. The wrench has a predetermined entire length and comprises a driving portion at one end thereof for turning various fasteners. The driving portion has a predetermined length and an axis of wrench rotation. The wrench also has a gripping portion at the other end thereof for gripping and operating the wrench. The gripping portion has dimensions of length greater than width, and width greater than thickness and is formed elliptically shaped as viewed from a top view thereof, and is formed elongated in shape as viewed from an end view thereof. The gripping portion is further formed with a length relative to the entire length of the wrench and the length of the driving portion, whereas, the length of the gripping portion is about equal to, the entire length of the wrench less the length of the driving portion.

Abstract: A wrench tool is described for turning fasteners. The wrench tool comprises an orifice and means to reduce tilting of a fastener therein while being torqued. The orifice is substantially cylindrical and has a predetermined maximum circumference at a driving end thereof. The orifice further comprises an array of longitudinal engaging surfaces positioned therein around an imaginary central axis. The means to reduce tilting comprises at least one groove formed at least partially within at least one of the longitudinal engaging surfaces. Each groove is formed laterally relative to the imaginary central axis and has a depth which does not penetrate outwardly beyond the maximum circumference of the orifice. And, each groove is positioned at least slightly away from the driving end of the orifice.

Abstract: An open end wrench head is described for use with a fastener having at least two substantially parallel outer engaging surfaces creating an across-width dimension. The open end wrench head has an orifice which includes four principle internal engaging surfaces which are arranged about an imaginary central axis with the first and second internal engaging surfaces positioned on a first jaw and the third and fourth internal engaging surfaces positioned on a second opposing jaw. The first internal engaging surface is substantially flat and substantially parallel to the imaginary central axis and positioned closer to the open end of the wrench head than the second internal engaging surface. The second internal engaging surface diverges outward from the first internal engaging surface.

Abstract: An open end wrench head is described for use with a fastener which has at least two substantially parallel outer engaging surfaces that create an across-width dimension. The wrench head has an orifice which comprises six principle internal engaging surfaces each being substantially flat and positioned around an imaginary central axis. The first, second and third internal engaging surfaces are positioned on a first jaw, and the fourth, fifth and sixth internal engaging surfaces are positioned on a second opposing jaw. The first internal engaging surface is positioned closer to the open end than the second internal engaging surface and diverges outward from the imaginary central axis. The second internal engaging surface is positioned closer to the open end than the third internal engaging surface and is substantially parallel to the imaginary central axis. The third internal engaging surface diverges outward from the imaginary central axis.

Abstract: A quick connector-male conduit assembly (10) for use in a conduit coupling incorporates a hand-releasable, self-centering snap ring-like retainer (20) having a seating indicator (16) included therewith. The seating indicator (16) includes a pop-off ring (48) that goes around the male conduit (12), which is a part of the tubing leading to the connection to assist in the installation of the quick connector-male conduit assembly (10) into a female receptacle (11) and to positively indicate to the installer that the male conduit (12) has been properly locked to the female receptacle (11). The retainer (20) includes a pair of tabs (68) for easy manipulation by hand or tools for removal. The quick connector assembly (10) is on either a plastic or a metal male conduit (12), and can be as short as a threaded connection. The quick connector assembly (10) has no threads, and permits 360 degree rotation of the conduit (12).