Abstract: Treatment of mitochondrial related conditions in mammals with antagonists or chelating agents of copper (II), preferably tetramines or penicillamines. These agents affect TGF-beta, Smad 4, collagen IV, cytochrome C oxidase and erectile dysfunction.

Abstract: Methods and intermediates for synthesizing triethylenetetramine and salts thereof, as well as novel triethylenetetramine salts and their crystal structure, and triethylenetetramine salts of high purity.

Abstract: Methods are provided for reducing copper values for, by way of example, treating, preventing or ameliorating tissue damage such as, for example, tissue damage that may be caused by (i) disorders of the heart muscle (for example, cardiomyopathy or myocarditis) such as idiopathic cardiomyopathy, metabolic cardiomyopathy which includes diabetic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, drug-induced cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and hypertensive cardiomyopathy, (ii) atheromatous disorders of the major blood vessels (macrovascular disease) such as the aorta, the coronary arteries, the carotid arteries, the cerebrovascular arteries, the renal arteries, the iliac arteries, the femoral arteries, and the popliteal arteries, (iii) toxic, drug-induced, and metabolic (including hypertensive and/or diabetic disorders of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) such as the retinal arterioles, the glomerular arterioles, the vasa nervorum, cardiac arterioles, and associated capillary beds of the eye, the kidney

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by administering to said individual an effective amount of copper chelators, hydrazine compounds, and/or substrate analogues. The invention also relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by lessening fructosamine odixase activity in said individual. Provided within is disclosure pertaining to treatment, pharmaceutical compositions, dosage ranges, and uses of fructosamine oxidase enzyme inhibitors to lessen fructosamine oxidase activity.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing and treating individuals with insulin resistance.

Abstract: Methods whereby, by reference to fructosamine oxidase activity in blood plasma of a patient or patients, the risk of diabetes associated vascular complications can be assessed, candidate fructosamine oxidase inhibitors and/or antagonists can be identified or tested and the inhibition and/or antagonism of the fructosamine oxidase inhibition and/or antagonism of a patient can be assessed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by administering to said individual an effective amount of copper chelators, hydrazine compounds, and/or substrate analogues. The invention also relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by lessening fructosamine odixase activity in said individual. Provided within is disclosure pertaining to treatment, pharmaceutical compositions, dosage ranges, and uses of fructosamine oxidase enzyme inhibitors to lessen fructosamine oxidase activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by administering to said individual an effective amount of copper chelators, hydrazine compounds, and/or substrate analogues. The invention also relates to methods of treating an individual with diabetes mellitus by lessening frictosamine odixase activity in said individual. Provided within is disclosure pertaining to treatment, pharmaceutical compositions, dosage ranges, and uses of frictosaminc oxidase enzyme inhibitors to lessen fructosamine oxidase activity.