Abstract: A chamber for receiving a downward flow of liquid metal includes a generally horizontal base having a generally planar impact surface. A first faceted sidewall having a plurality of facets formed therein, generally extends upwardly from and encompasses the planar surface to define an interior space. The interior space has an upper opening for receiving the downward flow of liquid metal. A second wall extends inwardly and upwardly from the first faceted wall toward the upper opening. A plurality of buttresses are spaced along the first faceted wall. Each of the buttresses extends between the impact surface and the second faceted wall. The buttresses form a plurality of discrete pockets including at least one facet. The pockets are defined by the buttresses, the impact surface, the first faceted wall and the second wall. The buttresses laterally deflect and divide the radial outward flow into a plurality of discrete flow patterns associated with the plurality of pockets.

Abstract: A chamber for receiving a downward flow of liquid metal includes a generally horizontal base having a generally planar impact surface. A first faceted sidewall having a plurality of facets formed therein, generally extends upwardly from and encompasses the planar surface to define an interior space. The interior space has an upper opening for receiving the downward flow of liquid metal. A second wall extends inwardly and downwardly from the first faceted wall toward the upper opening. A plurality of buttresses are spaced along the first faceted wall. Each of the buttresses extends between the impact surface and the second faceted wall. The buttresses form a plurality of discrete pockets including at least one facet. The pockets are defined by the buttresses, the impact surface, the first faceted wall and the second wall. The buttresses laterally deflect and divide the radial outward flow into a plurality of discrete flow patterns associated with the plurality of pockets.

Abstract: A method for protecting concrete surfaces of sanitary sewers includes the steps of providing a concrete surface in a sanitary sewer environment; and coating the concrete surface with magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A chamber for receiving a downward flow of liquid metal includes a generally horizontal base having a generally planar impact surface. A first faceted sidewall having a plurality of facets formed therein, generally extends upwardly from and encompasses the planar surface to define an interior space. The interior space has an upper opening for receiving the downward flow of liquid metal. A second wall extends inwardly and upwardly from the first faceted wall toward the upper opening. A plurality of buttresses are spaced along the first faceted wall. Each of the buttresses extends between the impact surface and the second faceted wall. The buttresses form a plurality of discrete pockets including at least one facet. The pockets are defined by the buttresses, the impact surface, the first faceted wall and the second wall. The buttresses laterally deflect and divide the radial outward flow into a plurality of discrete flow patterns associated with the plurality of pockets.

Abstract: A method for protecting concrete surfaces of sanitary sewers includes the steps of providing a concrete surface in a sanitary sewer environment; and coating the concrete surface with magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A method for reducing and controlling the formation and release of acid gases and odors associated therewith, particularly from hydrogen sulfide, in sewerage or waste water, wherein magnesium hydroxide and/or magnesium oxide are added to the sewerage or waste water.

Abstract: A method for protecting concrete surfaces of sanitary sewers includes the steps of providing a concrete surface in a sanitary sewer environment; and coating the concrete surface with magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting acidic corrosion in the crown of a concrete sewer pipeline of the type created by the generation of sulfuric acid within the pipeline and a lowering of the pH at the surface of the concrete. The process comprises the forming of a slurry of magnesium hydroxide, preferably precipitated from seawater, and water wherein the magnesium hydroxide comprises at least about 25-50% of the slurry by weight, and spraying the slurry onto and along the crown of the concrete pipeline to provide a slurry coating on the crown of the pipeline of about 0.2 inches in thickness so as to provide a relatively long lasting barrier of high pH and thereby prevent acidic corrosion of the pipeline.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a slurry of metal oxide in a mineral or the like (e.g. of magnesium or calcium oxide) and introducing the slurry to an acid neutralization process in a time period before substantial hydration of the oxide has occurred.

Abstract: A light valve of a film printer has vanes set by the expansion of a plurality of slides parallel to a first axis. The slides are individually actuatable parallel to a second axis transverse to the first axis in a path between a first position and a second position so that the slides expand parallel to the first axis an amount depending upon the combination of slides actuated into the second position and are movable as a unit parallel to the first axis responsive to a trim adjusting knob. A carriage mounted on the light valve is movable parallel to the first axis. A sensor individual to each slide, preferably a light source and a light detector, intersects the path of such slide to indicate whether it is in the first or second position. The carriage is coupled to the trim adjusting knob so the carriage moves parallel to the first axis as the slides are moved as a unit responsive to the trim adjusting knob, to maintain the slides between the respective sensors.

Abstract: An optical film printer has a projector station and a camera station each of which interchangeably receive a complete 16 mm, regular 8 mm, or super-8 mm film transport unit, including drive sprocket wheels and incremental film advance mechanism. A lens is disposed between the stations. A pair of output members of a power transmission system rotate responsive to a drive motor. Each film transport unit incrementally advances film past an aperture responsive to rotation of an input member that engages one of the output members and when received by the corresponding station. Each film transport unit advances the same number of frames per unit angular displacement of the output members. The unit at the projector station is movable toward and away from the camera station, and the lens is adjustable in three directions. The power transmission system permits each output member to be independently driven in both directions or to be driven in synchronism.

Abstract: Color corrections are executed in a bidirectional film printer responsive to units of color correction information arranged on a data storage tape in the sequence in which the color corrections are to be made in the forward direction of film transport. Units of frame count information each representing the frame at which a color correction is to be made are interleaved with the color corrections on the tape in the sequence in which the color corrections are to be made in the forward direction. One color correction and one frame count at a time are retrieved in pairs; the same pairs are retrieved in both directions of film transport. The frames of the master film are counted during transport and compared with the frame count retrieved from the tape to provide the frame indications at which the color corrections are to be made in the forward direction of film transport.

Abstract: In a bidirectional continuous contact printer for sprocketed film, sprocket holes in a raw film and a master film engage teeth in a sprocket wheel located at an exposure aperture. Between one storage reel and the sprocket wheel, the raw film and the master film pass over tensioning means that draw one edge of the sprocket holes of the raw film and the master film that engage the teeth of the sprocket wheel against such teeth to align the sprocket holes of the films. The tensioning means draw the same edge of the sprocket holes against the teeth in the sprocket wheel during both directions of film transport. In one direction of film transport, the sprocket wheel pulls the film past the exposure aperture, and in the other direction of film transport, the tensioning means pull the film past the exposure aperture. In both directions of film transport, the relative film position is controlled well enough to meet high quality film printing standards.