Abstract: A fluid mover includes a hollow body with a straight-through passage of substantially constant cross-section with an inlet end an outlet end for the entry and discharge respectively of a working fluid. A nozzle substantially circumscribes and opens into the passage intermediate the inlet and outlet ends. An inlet communicates with the nozzle for the introduction of a transport fluid, and a mixing chamber is formed within the passage downstream of the nozzle. The nozzle internal geometry and the bore profile upstream of the nozzle exit optimise the energy transfer between the transport fluid and working fluid. Working fluids are atomised to form a dispersed vapour/droplet flow with locally supersonic conditions within a pseudo-vena contracta, resulting in the creation of a supersonic condensation shock wave within the downstream mixing chamber by the condensation of the transport fluid. Methods of moving and processing fluids using the fluid mover are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides, inter alia, an apparatus for generating a mist.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of biomass is provided. The process comprises forming a biomass slurry by mixing biomass with a working fluid, and inducing the biomass slurry to flow through an inlet into a passage. A high velocity transport fluid is injected into the slurry through a nozzle communicating with the passage. The injection of the high velocity transport fluid applies a shear force to the slurry such that the working fluid is atomized and forms a vapor and droplet flow regime, an at least partial vacuum is formed within the passage downstream of the nozzle, and a condensation shock wave is generated within the passage downstream of the nozzle and vacuum by condensation of the transport fluid. An apparatus for treating biomass using the aforementioned process is also provided.

Abstract: A fluid mover (1) includes a hollow body (2) provided with a straight-through passage (3) of substantially constant cross section with an inlet end (4) an outlet end (5) for the entry and discharge respectively of a working fluid. A nozzle (16) substantially circumscribes and opens into the passage (3) intermediate the inlet (4) and outlet (5) ends. An inlet (10) communicates with the nozzle (16) for the introduction of a transport fluid and a mixing chamber (3A) is formed within the passage (3) downstream of the nozzle (16). The nozzle internal geometry and the bore profile immediately upstream of the nozzle exit are disposed and configured to optimise the energy transfer between the transport fluid and working fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes and systems for treating biomass and, e.g., making biofuels, such as bioethanol, from the biomass.

Abstract: A fluid mover (1) includes a hollow body (2) provided with a straight-through passage (3) of substantially constant cross section with an inlet end (4) an outlet end (5) for the entry and discharge respectively of a working fluid. A nozzle (16) substantially circumscribes and opens into the passage (3) intermediate the inlet (4) and outlet (5) ends. An inlet (10) communicates with the nozzle (16) for the introduction of a transport fluid and a mixing chamber (3A) is formed within the passage (3) downstream of the nozzle (16). The nozzle internal geometry and the bore profile immediately upstream of the nozzle exit are disposed and configured to optimise the energy transfer between the transport fluid and working fluid.

Abstract: A fluid mover (1) includes a passage (3) of substantially constant cross section into which supersonic steam is injected through an annular nozzle (16) as a transport fluid to contact a working fluid, e.g. a liquid, to be treated, the passage further including a mixing chamber (3A) downstream of the steam injection where the mixture is accelerated upon the creation of a low pressure zone occasioned by the condensation of the steam, a dispersed droplet regime and a shock wave being generated downstream of the nozzle (16). A pseudo-convergent/divergent section is created and provides a flexible boundary in the absence of physical constraints to yield an improved performance by combining shear dispersion and/or disassociation with the effects of the shock wave. The fluid mover (1) may be used in a wide variety of applications for pumping, heating, mixing, disintegrating, classifying and separating among others.

Abstract: A propulsion system (163) having various applications one of which is as a marine drive system for watercraft. The propulsion system (163) comprises a flow passage (173) having an intake (175) for communicating with a source of working fluid such as seawater and an outlet (177). A mixing zone (209) is disposed within the flow passage (173) between the intake (175) and the outlet (177). An injection means including annular nozzle (217) is provided for injecting a hot compressible driving fluid (175) such as steam into the mixing zone (209) in a flow direction towards the outlet (177). The arrangement is such that the interaction between the steam and the seawater in the mixing zone (207) develops a pressure reduction in the mixing zone (207) to cause seawater to be drawn from the source into the mixing zone (207) and propelled towards the outlet (177). A marine drive unit incorporating the propulsion system is also described and claimed, as well as other aspects related to the propulsion system.