Abstract: A control system controls a D.C. speed-change motor to change the transmission configurations on a treadmill transmission powered by an A.C. drive motor. The control system may be either microprocessor based or a system of discrete logical pieces. The control system responds to both the current speed of the treadmill belt and the electrical current drawn by the speed-change motor. The control system uses this information to modulate the duty cycle of voltage pulses sent to the D.C. speed-change motor to power the speed-change motor in response to a determination by the control system that the speed-change motor needs to rotate faster or slower to produce a controlled rate of speed change for the treadmill belt. The control system also includes a rapid deceleration system. In response to the user's direction or in response to the condition of the treadmill, the control system sends a high voltage to the D.C.

Abstract: A high speed deceleration device and method is disclosed that operates on a D.C. speed-change motor used to change the transmission configurations on the transmission of a treadmill powered by a constant speed drive motor. In ordinary use, normal transmission acceleration and deceleration rates are used to speed up or slow down the treadmill belt. A deceleration control signal causes a high voltage to be provided to the D.C. speed-change motor. The high voltage causes the D.C. speed-change motor to rapidly change the transmission configurations on the treadmill which causes a rapid deceleration of the treadmill belt. The deceleration control signal is produced in response to a user direction or in response to the condition of the treadmill. Once the belt has been slowed below a threshold speed, the machine shuts itself off.

Abstract: An elongate catheter having one or more lumens therein and at least one lumen in flow communication with a side opening in the sidewall of the catheter wherein the side opening includes at least a first side which is oriented diagonally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the catheter and the first side intersects the septum of the catheter to form a side opening wherein the size of the area of the opening is maximized.

Abstract: A device and method of closing an incision or puncture in a patient by inserting a vessel plug into the incision or puncture until the distal end of the vessel plug is adjacent to the outer lumen of the blood vessel or target organ so that the vessel plug does not obstruct the flow of fluid through the blood vessel or target organ. The precise positioning of the vessel plug in the incision or puncture is accomplished through the use of a balloon catheter or a cylindrical insertion assembly having a proximal plunger member associated therewith.

Abstract: A medical electrode and skin preparation device is adapted to be secured to the skin of a patient and is designed to prepare the skin by abrasion or penetration of the epidermal layer of the skin in contact with the conductive means of the electrode after the electrode is secured in place on the skin. The electrode includes a penetrating device associated with a conductor capable of transmitting biopotential events for recording, with the conductor being retained by an adhesive member which secures the electrode to the skin of the patient. The penetration device in contact with the skin is movable relative to the skin of the patient and a holder by an applicator gun to abrade or penetrate the epidermal layer of skin after the electrode is placed on the skin. Uniform skin preparation is achieved by a flexible screen member and an electrolyte gel reservoir on the electrode and an applicator gun which minimizes motion artifacts arising from skin potential variations.

Abstract: An elongated catheter formed with multiple lumens from coextruded or other materials such that the inner surface of the extension members or body portion of the catheter may include a higher durometer than the outer surface of the extension members or body portion of the catheter to reduce septum deflection during normal use, and the likelihood of tearing or sticking of the extension members is reduced and the catheter includes a pair of generally cylindrical lumens and the catheter preferably includes a third lumen which is substantially smaller than the first two lumens and the cross sectional area of the lumens of the catheter are maximized with the septums of the catheter being oriented to maximize the flow of fluids through the catheter.

Abstract: A resilient treadmill deck having a plurality of rigid and elastomeric spacers interconnecting the deck of treadmill with a pair of side members that form the frame of the treadmill to dampen the noise and vibration caused by the operation of the treadmill as well as to dampen the noise created by the user of the treadmill while providing a resilient surface for the user of the treadmill.

Abstract: A Holter-type recorder unit for use with an ambulatory ECG recording system is described. The invention features real-time beat differentiation, including ST analysis and paced beat analysis of two or three channel sampled electrocardiogram data. The invention also features real-time coding of beat morphology and summary information on cassette tape. Further, summary information for an entire analysis can be compiled and reverse recorded onto the cassette tape at the end of the analysis to allow downloading thereof into an ECG scanner while the cassette is being rewound.

Abstract: An elongate catheter having one or more lumens therein and at least one lumen in flow communication with a side opening in the sidewall of the catheter wherein the side opening includes first and second sides and generally parallel distal and proximal ends thereon to form a generally slot-shaped side opening, and the opening is oriented diagonally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the catheter.

Abstract: A catheter assembly including a wire stiffener or a dilator and modified wire stiffener which are used in combination to assist in the insertion of a relatively soft catheter into the patient wherein the wire stiffener temporarily stiffens the catheter and the modified wire stiffener temporarily stiffens the dilator for insertion of the combined wire stiffener and dilator into the catheter. The catheter preferably includes one or more lumens therein and includes an end opening and one or more side openings thereon.

Abstract: A system for the transmission of physiological signals from a patient to a display analysis and/or recording device using a spread spectrum transmission technique to reduce interference with the detection of the transmitted physiological signal wherein multiple channels of the physiological signals are transmitted over a bandwidth of approximately 3 MHz.

Abstract: A device is provided for reducing the number of ECG data sample points presented to a video display system to avoid overwhelming the video display screen with a number of ECG sample points and to present several seconds of data on the screen at the same time. The device ensures that the maximum and minimum values of the original ECG signal are displayed. A collection of consecutive points is broken into sub-groups which are each processed to produce representative amplitude values for each sub-group which representative values are then displayed on the display screen.In the preferred embodiment, the device includes a microprocessor with electronic memory which calculates a representative amplitude value for each sub-group. The representative amplitude value is chosen depending on whether the sub-group contains a local maximum or a minimum in the values of consecutively sampled points or whether the data points of the sub-group are part of a curve leading to a local maximum or minimum.

Abstract: An elongated catheter formed of coextruded materials such that the inner surface of the extension members or body portion of the catheter have a higher durometer than the outer surface of the extension members or body portion of the catheter to reduce septum deflection during normal use, and the likelihood of tearing or sticking of the extension members is reduced.

Abstract: A Holter-type recorder unit for use with an ambulatory ECG recording system is described. The recorder features real-time beat differentiation, including ST analysis and paced beat analysis of two or three channel sampled electrocardiogram data. The recorder also features real-time coding of beat morphology and summary information on cassette tape. Further, summary information for an entire analysis can be compiled and reverse recorded onto the cassette tape at the end of the analysis to allow downloading thereof into an ECG scanner while the cassette is being rewound.

Abstract: An ECG analysis system for use in conjunction with an ambulatory ECG recorder. The invention includes a playback deck which is capable of receiving and downloading information from a cassette tape to a dedicated digital analysis unit. The playback deck is capable of receiving information from the cassette tape during rewind of the tape therein as well as during playback of the tape. The dedicated digital analysis unit includes a superimposition template and a minute-by-minute ECG template which allow interaction between the dedicated digital analysis unit and the operator for simplification of analysis, manipulation, editing, and report generation. The system is capable of processing information from a cassette tape while it is being rewound in the playback deck and producing preliminary summary report information related to ECG data on the tape for use by a system operator before the tape completes its rewind operation.

Abstract: A control system controls a D.C. speed-change motor to change the transmission configurations on a treadmill transmission powered by an A.C. drive motor. The control system may be either microprocessor based or a system of discrete logical pieces. The control system responds to both the current speed of the treadmill belt and the electrical current drawn by the speed-change motor. The control system uses this information to modulate the duty cycle of voltage pulses sent to the D.C. speed-change motor to power the speed-change motor in response to a determination by the control system that the speed-change motor needs to rotate faster or slower to produce a constant rate of speed change for the treadmill belt. The control system also includes a rapid deceleration system. In response to the user's direction or in response to the condition of the treadmill, the control system sends a high voltage to the D.C.

Abstract: A device and method of closing an incision or puncture in a patient by inserting a vessel plug into the incision or puncture until the distal end of the vessel plug is adjacent to the outer lumen of the blood vessel or target organ so that the vessel plug does not obstruct the flow of fluid through the blood vessel or target organ. The precise positioning of the vessel plug in the incision or puncture is accomplished through the use of a balloon catheter or a cylindrical insertion assembly having a proximal plunger member associated therewith.

Abstract: A chart recorder (10) is disclosed having an automatic paper loading system, an automatic tensioning system and an "odometer" system for determining the amount of paper moved through the chart recorder. The chart recorder (10) includes a print roller (34) and a feed roller (22), both in frictional contact with the paper in the recorder and both connected to and rotated by a motor. The feed roller (22) is connected to the motor through a one way clutch that allows the feed roller (22) to "free wheel" when the feed roller (22) is rotated at a faster rate, due to frictional contact with the paper, than the roller would be rotated by the motor (56). Dissipative forces in the one way clutch (68) and bearings (24) of the feed roller (22) cause it to resist being rotated which imparts tension to the paper and draws it into contact with a paper guide (14).

Abstract: A filter system for removing small amplitude, high frequency signals such as muscle artifact signals from an ECG signal is provided. The filter system includes a low pass filter with variable cutoff frequencies, an electronic delay and a system for detecting the R wave in the ECG signal and determining the variable cutoff frequency in response to the detection of the R wave. A digitized input ECG signal is simultaneously presented to the electronic delay and the system for detecting the R wave. During the portion of the ECG signal exclusive of the QRS complex, the filter is operated at a low cutoff frequency to filter the muscle artifact signals for a maximum smoothing effect. At a time slightly prior to the on set of the QRS complex, the cutoff frequency is rapidly incrementally increased to a higher cutoff frequency to pass the QRS complex with a minimum reduction of amplitude of the QRS signal.