Abstract: A security device, according to various aspects of the present invention, secures an area accessible through a portal (e.g., doorway, window opening, hatch, vent) against unreported ingress or egress (e.g., access). A security device monitors a portal or a portal cover (e.g., door, window, screen, flap) to provide reports of access; a warning of unauthorized access; authentication of authorized users; and status of the security device.

Abstract: A method, according to various aspects of the present invention, for preparing a chemical composition. An apparatus that prepares chemical compositions performs the method. The method includes in any practical order: (a) electrically coupling to a first electrical conductor of a first data carrier; (b) receiving via the first conductor indicia of a property of a chemical; (c) electrically coupling to a second electrical conductor of a second data carrier; (d) receiving via the second conductor a formula for the chemical composition; and (e) detecting whether the property of the chemical is suitable for preparing the chemical composition. The first data carrier is mounted to a container that contains the chemical. The first data carrier stores indicia of the property of the chemical. The second data carrier is mounted to an object.