Abstract: The present invention generally relates to improved medical devices, systems, and methods, with exemplary embodiments providing improved cooling treatment probes and cooling treatment methods and systems. In some embodiments, freezing of the skin may be desirable to effect the hypopigmentation of the skin of the patient. Generally, embodiments may limit supercooling of the skin of the patient during a cooling treatment. Additionally, embodiments may limit adverse side effects such as hyperpigmentation. It has been found that the freezing behavior (frequency and time to freeze) can be modified by adjusting the thermal parameters of the cooling applicator. Accordingly, in some aspects of the invention, a method of treating the skin may be provided where the thermal parameters of the cooling applicator are adjusted during treatment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improved systems, devices, and methods for delivery of a cryogen to the skin of a patient for skin treatment. A cryospray device configured to deliver a cryogen to a patient's skin can include an applicator, a supply channel, and a nozzle assembly. The applicator can include a head portion, and the supply channel can extend through at least a portion of the head portion. The nozzle assembly can be coupled to the head portion and can be fluidly coupled to the supply channel. The nozzle assembly can include a linear array of orifices that are configured to direct a planar spray of the cryogen to cool an area of a skin tissue of the patient in a linear cooling treatment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods, devices, and systems for reducing a pigmentation of a skin of a patient. In some embodiments, freezing of the skin may be desirable to effect the hypopigmentation of the skin of the patient. Generally, embodiments may limit supercooling (or promote freezing) of the skin of the patient during a cooling treatment. In some embodiments, coupling fluids are provided to reduce a thermal contact resistance between a cooling treatment probe and the skin of the patient to improve cooling treatment. Optionally, a fluid carrier may be provided to help retain the coupling fluid at the treatment site. In some embodiments, the coupling fluid may include ice nucleating agents to promote ice crystal formation in the coupling fluid during cooling treatment. The ice crystal formation in the coupling fluid may progress into the skin to limit supercooling of the skin during treatment.