Abstract: A system and apparatus to track and control an animal is described, including a tracking unit to track the animal, and a stimulus unit to provide a stimulus to the animal, wherein the tracking unit and stimulus unit are configured to be coupled together. The stimulus unit is entirely a slave device to the tracking unit and has no independent smart circuitry, no independent power supply and no antennae. Accordingly, the stimulation unit is dependent upon the tracking unit for operation, power and for communication to and from a remote hand held control device.

Abstract: Systems and methods of tracking a mobile subject based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data, including a boundary test unit to evaluate a boundary violation according to the current actionable position and current actionable speed of the mobile subject relative to a predetermined boundary, wherein the current actionable position is a sum of a prior actionable position and a product of a degraded position difference and a position tracking coefficient, and a current actionable speed is a function of a prior actionable speed and a degraded speed estimate.

Abstract: A system is described that includes communications modules, a wearable device, and an application running on a processor of a computing platform. The system includes placing each communications module at a location in a premise, wherein each communications module periodically transmits a unique number, wherein the application detects and stores each unique number. The system includes the application organizing linking information by linking each unique number with a distance and a function and transmitting the linking information to the wearable device. The wearable device may detect a transmission of a communications module, use information of the transmission to identify the communications module's unique number and to estimate a distance from the wearable device to its location. The wearable device may use the linking information to identify the corresponding function and distance and perform the function when the estimated distance meets at least one criterion with respect to the distance.

Abstract: An animal behavior modification device is provided. The device includes a sound or motion sensor that is configured to generate electrical signals in response to an occurrence. The device may include a filter, which is tuned to recognize sound frequencies received by and emitted in proximity to a microphone, and generate an electrical signal in response to recognizing sound frequencies characteristic of a dog's bark. The device further includes a canister that holds a deterrent fluid at substantially ambient pressure. The device additionally comprises a pump configured to draw fluid from the canister in response to the electrical signal from the filter. The pump has a spray nozzle for releasing an emission of the fluid that affects the dog's senses. A method of modifying the behavior of an animal using the device is also provided herein.

Abstract: A hitch-mountable, collapsible stair assembly is disclosed for use in assisting mounting into a raised vehicle bed. The steps rotate between a generally vertical stowed position and a generally horizontal in-use position. The height of the steps above the ground is adjustable. The lower step can also be extended for ease of use.

Abstract: A communication channel between a first processor of a receiver and a second processor of a battery assembly is provided. The battery assembly requests a public key from the receiver. The receiver combines the public key with a private key stored in memory to form a first combined public key, applies a first hash function to the first combined public key, stores the resulting first hash value in memory and transmits the public key to the battery assembly. The battery assembly combines the public key with a corresponding private key to form a second combined public key, applies a corresponding hash function to the second combined public key and transmits the resulting second hash value to the receiver. The receiver compares the first hash value to the second hash value and enables operations of the receiver when the first hash value equals the second hash value.

Abstract: A system is described that includes devices detecting and periodically transmitting data of events and conditions within an environment. The devices are communicatively coupled with applications running on processors of a remote server. The devices periodically request a connection with the applications, wherein the applications monitor a range of port numbers for receiving the devices' connection requests. The devices request connections at corresponding port numbers among the monitored range of port numbers. The applications accept the connection requests from the devices at the corresponding port numbers, wherein the devices transmit the data to the one or more applications during corresponding communication sessions. The applications evaluate attributes of the devices' connection requests and communication sessions and manage assignment of the devices to port numbers using information of the evaluating.

Abstract: A custom-shaped wireless fence system is provided that contains one or more dogs in a user-defined containment area without the need for a physical fence or underground wire. The system, which is easy to set up and use, includes at least three base units and at least one collar and, preferably, a remote controller. A virtual fence is defined around the containment area, as well as around optional exclusion zones within the containment area, during system set up through communication between the base units and a trackable device as the user walks around the desired border. Visualization software enables the user to verify that the location of the fence is as desired and that the system is operating properly using a computing device having a display screen. In use, the system employs improved filtering of consecutive distance measurement values taken between the base units and the collar to discount errant measurement values in terms of their contribution to the current calculation of the dog's location.