Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, a smart home appliance device comprises: a controller for controlling an operation of a smart home appliance; and at least one communication module for transmitting/receiving data on the basis of a command of the controller, wherein the controller transmits an access request message to a consolidated authentication center, receives an access response message corresponding to an access request, transmits a pairing request message including device information of the smart home appliance device to the consolidated authentication center, and receives a pairing response message corresponding to the pairing request message.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, a data communication method between a battery-operation device and a smart home appliance (HA) in a home area network may be provided.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator includes an LC bank, a negative resistor circuit, a DC block, an AC block including a source resistor, and a first bias circuit controlled by a junction node of a first and second transistor, wherein the first bias circuit provides a first feedback voltage to a first control node, and maintains a voltage at the junction node of the first and second transistors, and a second bias circuit controlled by the junction node, wherein the second bias circuit provides a second feedback voltage to a second control node and maintains a voltage at the junction node.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator includes an LC bank, a negative resistor circuit, a DC block, an AC block including a source resistor, and a first bias circuit controlled by a junction node of a first and second transistor, wherein the first bias circuit provides a first feedback voltage to a first control node, and maintains a voltage at the junction node of the first and second transistors, and a second bias circuit controlled by the junction node, wherein the second bias circuit provides a second feedback voltage to a second control node and maintains a voltage at the junction node.