Abstract: An audio apparatus includes an analog module that receives a digital left (L) channel signal and a digital right (R) channel signal and outputs first and second analog L signals and first and second analog R signals, a first output port that includes first to fifth conductors, through which the first and second analog L signals, the first and second analog R signals, and a ground voltage are provided, and a second output port that includes sixth to ninth conductors, through which the first and second analog L signals and the first and second analog R signals are provided. When an audio jack including first to third terminals is inserted into the first output port, the first and second conductors are connected to the first terminal, the third and fourth conductors are connected to the second terminal, and the fifth conductor is connected to the third terminal.

Abstract: Provided is a pulse area modulation apparatus including: a register configured to receive and store PCM data having n+m bits per a sample; an amplitude shaping unit configured to shape an amplitude of an output pulse to correspond to the n bits; a duration forming unit configured to form duration of the output pulse to correspond to the m bits; and a charge accumulation means providing an output pulse, wherein a pulse area of the output pulse defined by the amplitude and the duration is modulated according to the sample.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling an audio output according to an orientation of an audio output apparatus, performed by the audio output apparatus, the method including receiving a stereo signal; detecting the orientation of the audio output apparatus using a sensor; outputting the stereo signal to a left speaker unit and a right speaker unit from a viewpoint of a user who views a front surface portion of the audio output apparatus on which two speaker units are arranged; and down-mixing the stereo signal and outputting the down mixed signal to at least one among an upper speaker unit and a lower speaker unit from the user's viewpoint.

Abstract: Provided is a pulse area modulation apparatus including: a register configured to receive and store PCM data having n+m bits per a sample; an amplitude shaping unit configured to shape an amplitude of an output pulse to correspond to the n bits; a duration forming unit configured to form duration of the output pulse to correspond to the m bits; and a charge accumulation means providing an output pulse, wherein a pulse area of the output pulse defined by the amplitude and the duration is modulated according to the sample.

Abstract: An audio apparatus includes a decay pattern generator configured to generate a decay pattern to be applied in an early reflection region, and generate an audio signal to which a decay pattern is applied by convoluting the generated decay pattern with PCM raw data of a sound source, a reverberation generator configured to generate reverberation from the audio signal to which the decay pattern is applied, and an adder configured to generate an output signal having a sound enhancement effect by adding the PCM raw data to an output of the reverberation generator.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for reducing digital noise. The digital noise reducing apparatus includes: a clarified signal generator configured to generate a clarity improvement pattern for increasing an energy ratio of an early reflection region with respect to all reverberations for a received audio source signal, to convolve the clarity improvement pattern with the audio source signal, and to output an audio source signal convolved the audio source signal with the clarity improvement pattern; an early reflection generator configured to output an early reflection signal convolved the audio source signal with an early reflection pattern; a late reverberation generator configured to receive the audio source signal, and to generate a late reverberation signal for attenuating digital noise of the audio source signal; and a noise attenuator configured to generate an audio signal added the early reflection signal and the late reverberation signal to the audio source signal.