Abstract: A developer mixture used in an electrophotographic printing machine to develop an electrostatic latent image recorded on the photoconductive member includes weakly magnetically attractable toner particles and strongly magnetically attractable carrier granules adhering triboelectrically to one another. The toner particles and carrier granules are substantially the same size. During development, the toner particles are deposited on the latent image forming a toner powder image. Subsequently, the toner powder image is transferred to a copy sheet and permanently fixed thereto.

Abstract: A contact fusing apparatus comprising a heated roll structure cooperating with a pressure roll structure to form a nip through which support material carrying toner images thereon is moved with the toner images contacting the heated roll structure. The contact fuser is characterized by the provision of stripping means for insuring removal of the support material from the heated fuser roll and a roller structure interposed between the stripper means and the nip which roller contacts the support material to thereby restrain the material while the leading portion of the material is being stripped from the heated roll structure. The result of stripping while restraining is to minimize the degree of curling of the copy paper.

Abstract: A paper feeding apparatus adapted to feed paper sheets one by one by the rotational force of feed rollers acting on the uppermost surface of stacked paper sheets, including a linkage arrangement for moving the feed rollers transverse to the direction of paper sheet feed.

Abstract: Developer mixtures comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of carrier particles. The toner particles comprise a colorant and at least about 60 percent by weight, based on the weight of the toner particles, of a resin mixture comprising between about 40 and about 90 parts by weight of a styrene resin and from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of an epoxy resin. Electrostatographic imaging processes employing said developer mixtures are also disclosed.

Abstract: A contact pressure adjusting device in a combination heating and pressing fixing apparatus for electrophotographic copiers, characterized in that one end of a spring 3, which applies a pressing force to a heating roll 1 and a press roll 2, is mounted on a rotary plate 4 so as to vary the spring load as said rotary plate 4 is rotated to various positions.

Abstract: A magnetic brush developing arrangement including a roll for delivering developer to an electrostatic latent image-bearing surface and a regulating plate movable towards and away from the roll as a function of the clearance between the roll and the image bearing surface.

Abstract: A heated roll fixing device for electrophotographic copying machines, wherein said device is provided with a first roll 4 which is coated on the surface with a heat-resistant releasing agent 2 , said first roll being adapted to contact toner images 6 on a supporting body 7 . A second roll 5 cooperating with said first roll 4 for pressure-heat-fixing the toner images to said supporting body 7 . The fixing device is characterized in that either said first roll 4 or second roll 5 but at least said first roll 4 is provided with an inner heating means 3, and an outer heating means 13 with small heat capacity is provided in a manner to surround said first roll 4 as illustrated in FIG. 4 of the drawings.

Abstract: Illumination apparatus for electronic copying machines comprising a casing 1 having an elongated opening 5 extending in a longitudinal direction thereof wherein light sources 6 and 6' are disposed respectively at both ends of said casing 1, the inner surface of said casing 1 being formed as a diffusing reflection surface and a light screening plate 7 being provided so as to prevent direct emission of light through said opening 5 from said light sources 6 and 6'.

Abstract: A copier platen cover, adapted to prevent displacement of an original document as the platen cover is closed, comprising, on the side of the cover which contacts the original, an elastic layer having at least one raised portion.

Abstract: An apparatus in which a flexible web cleans contaminants from a member. A pressure member holds a portion of the flexible web in engagement with the member to remove the contaminants therefrom. The web is prevented from being entrained erroneously about the pressure member. The member being cleaned is preferably a photoconductive surface.

Abstract: A device for detecting an abnormal temperature in a fixer, including a pulse generation controller capable of detecting the temperature in the fixer, comparing it with a predetermined reference temperature, and generating pulses continuously while the fixer temperature is lower than the reference temperature or generating no pulse at any other time; a pulse interrupter for interrupting the pulse output from the pulse generation controller until the temperature in the fixer reaches a desired fixing temperature for the first time after the start of power supply to the fixer, and an abnormality detector for detecting an abnormal fixing temperature when the integral of the pulses having passed through the pulse interrupter within a given time has reached a predetermined value.

Abstract: A copying apparatus with a reciprocating platen is disclosed having an improved illumination system. The system includes a regulator that maintains an illumination source at an optimum value by turning the illumination source on during forward scan of the platen and off during reverse movement of the platen. The regulator thereby prevents overheating of the illumination source which would reduce illumination output and thereby interfere with copy quality.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus and process including apparatus for discharging an original from an exposure station after exposure. The original is fed over a fixed stop surface after its lead edge is lifted by an air flow directed against it.

Abstract: A thermal fusing device for softening toner images is provided in combination with a transport at the exit of the fuser which transport is characterized by a pair of nip-forming members one of which is provided with a plurality of recesses for receiving belt structures fabricated from a silicone rubber material. A second roll is provided also having recesses for receiving the belts and this roll is positioned remotely from the first mentioned roll so that the belts are entrained about the two rolls such that they protrude from the recesses to thereby provide a nip-forming roll wherein only the belts contact the toner material carried by the copy substrate. Additionally, a fan is provided for cooling the surface of the belt so that the toner will more readily solidify and the paper can be stripped therefrom due to the beam strength of the paper.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus with heat and pressure for electrophotographic copiers, the apparatus comprising a first roll 1, with which a toner image 11 on a paper 10 to be fixed comes into contact, and a second roll 2 placed in pressure contact with said first roll for rotation, said paper 10 passing between both the rolls 1 and 2, characterized in that a heat generating source 3b is provided at least in the second roll 2, a resilient material 5 having a heat-resistant releasing property is coated on the surface of the first roll 1, the surface of the second roll 2 being formed into a metal surface, and a releasing agent 7 containing a functional group is supplied to at least the surface of the second roll 2.

Abstract: A xerographic copying apparatus adapted for copying either individual or fanfold originals. For the latter, a removable fanfold handler and feeder is provided with controls to permit positioning and advance of the fanfold sheets to be correlated with the copying apparatus operation.

Abstract: A sheet-feed roller system that employs an annular deformable resilient roller eccentrically mounted on a shaft for rotation whereby rotation of the shaft brings the roller into contact with sheets only when they are to be fed by the roller in order to increase the feed force while minimizing the pressing force on the sheets to thereby reduce sheet misfeed.

Abstract: An improved magnetic brush developing device mounted adjacent to a photosensitive member has a magnet and a cylinder mounted to rotate around the periphery of the magnet. The magnet is stationary during operation of the device, but the magnet is mounted so that its position relative to the photosensitive member can be changed each time a predetermined number of copies has been made. This arrangement solves two problems caused by developer which has deteriorated from use, the problems being (1) poor reproduction of a low contrast image, and (2) staining the background of an image.

Abstract: A developing electrode device for a copying machine using a photosensitive material relying on temperature can set values despite variations in and deterioration of the initial characteristic of the photosensitive material to always produce stabilized copy images. The device includes a power source having a detector for detecting the temperature of a photosensitive body, a linear amplification circuit for amplifying signals of the detector, a clamping circuit for clamping output voltages of the linear amplification circuit in excess of normal temperature, an addition circuit for permitting the output voltages of the linear amplification circuit to move in parallel within a range of ambient temperatures and means for supplying the output of said addition circuit to a developing electrode.

Abstract: An exposure device for a copying machine that has a transparent platen includes a pair of reflecting members covering the end areas of the platen. The reflectors are movable according to the size of paper placed into the copying machine so as to increase or decrease the covering areas whereby the effective coverage area of the platen is made to coincide with the size of copy paper fed into the copying machine.