Abstract: The invention relates to machining equipment for machining the sealing surface (13) of the door frame (10) of a coke oven. The machining equipment comprises:a frame (19) to which the machining device (23) is movably attached;in the machining device means (27, 28) for moving at least one machining unit (1 and/or 2) relative to the frame in at least two directions (D1, D2), and in the machining unit a machine tool (3) including acutators (14); andmeans (20) for attaching the door frame and the machining device to each other while the door frame is being machined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving the performance of a heating furnace for metal slabs. The elongated heating furnace includes a water cooled conveyor track for carrying metal slabs through the heating furnace and at least one fossil-fuel operated burner for heating metal slabs. The heating furnace includes a convection zone wherein metal slabs are heated primarily by the action of convection heat delivered by combustion gases driven therethrough, and a heating zone wherein metal slabs are heated primarily by the action of radiation heat emitted by the burner located therein. In addition, the metal slabs are heated by at least one radiant heater which is positioned at a location spaced apart from said burner in the longitudinal direction of the heating furnace for reducing the depthwise temperature differences developing in the metal slabs in the heating furnace and/or for increasing the capacity of the heating furnace.

Abstract: A composite construction which has a beam part (1) and a slab part (2) bearing thereon, the construction comprising the following components: a) a metal mantle (3) of the beam part, the mantle being at the same time the casting form and being made up of an upwardly open profile; b) additional reinforcement components (7) which, together with the metal mantle, make up the reinforcement of the composite construction; and c) a cast component (8) which, when set and together with the metal mantle and with the additional reinforcement components left inside the casting, makes up the composite construction. The metal mantle (3) of the beam part (1) is a shaped profile the inner surface (10) of which has an embossed pattern.

Abstract: A method for positioning a device emitting and receiving optical radiation for measuring wear in the lining of a container involves fixing the coordinate systems of the device and the container to each other by measuring the position of specific fixing points (P1, P2, P3) in the coordinate system (16) of the device (1). The fixing points have a regular shape. The position of each fixing point is measured by deflecting optical radiation in two intersecting directions across the fixing point, by measuring the optical radiation reflected from the fixing point, by determining on the basis of the optical radiation reflected to the measuring device at least two intersections, in both deflection directions, between the fixing point and the optical radiation emitted, and by calculating, on the basis of these at least four intersections, a directing point, to which the optical radiation emitted by the device is directed for determining the coordinates of the fixing point.

Abstract: A method and a filter for continuous two-dimensional filtering of discrete m*n data to be processed having n lines each containing m data samples. The filter includes a horizontal filter HF and a vertical filter VF for performing the filtering as successive horizontal and vertical filtering operations for data divided for the processing into blocks having y lines. The filter further includes a first memory M1 for storing horizontal-filtered data to be received from the horizontal filter, a second memory M2 for storing internal intermediate states of the vertical filter, and a timing and synchronizing block TSC for generating address signals A1, A2 and control signals C1, C2 for storing in the first memory and for reading therefrom as well as for storing in the second memory and for reading therefrom.

Abstract: The intensity 2 of radiation coming from an object 1 to be measured and illuminated by collimated radiation is measured at several wavelengths by focusing the radiation, via a lens 4 and a planar mirror 6, on a detector group 3 having several detector elements (3a to 3d). The radiation coming from the object is directed by the lens and the mirror such that, by rotating the mirror, tilted at a small angle with respect to its axis 5, around this axis and by keeping the radiation on the surface of the mirror, the focus F of radiation is moved in a detector plane D along an uninterrupted circular path R crossing each detector element positioned substantially in the same plane and excited at a different wavelength.

Abstract: A filter for performing dilation and/or erosion operations associated with mathematical morphology using a W.times.H rectangular structuring element to a two-dimensional matrix of discrete values, the width of the matrix being x and the height being y, includes a horizontal portion for applying the selected operation to a W.times.1 local neighbourhood and a vertical portion for applying the selected operation to a 1.times.H local neighbourhood. According to one aspect of the filer, the portions are connected one after the other and the matrix elements are applied serially to the first portion, the output of one portion being connected to the input of the other portion. Each of the above-mentioned portions includes a multiplicity of delay devices, each device providing an equal delay, and a multiplicity of comparing devices for comparing two input values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating radiation, which device comprises an electrically operated radiation source (1), a cap-like reflector means (9), which reflector means (9) is positioned around the radiation source (1). The reflector means (9) comprises an opening (13) for directing radiation out of the reflector means (9) towards a collecting optics (12) positioned in the vicinity of the opening (13). The device comprises a rotatable modulator means (15) including interrupting means (16 and 17) for modulating the radiation coming from the radiation source (1). The modulator means (15) is cup-like, comprising a bottom portion (18a), at which the modulator means (15) can be rotated, and a substantially circular wall portion (18b), which wall portion (18b) comprises the interrupting means (16 and 17).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the distance of a target in difficult industrial conditions, method in which (i) one of the gamma quanta produced from a radioactive source in annihilation and traveling in opposite directions is aimed at the target and the other one at a detector, which detects it, and time measuring starts; (ii) the quantum Compton-scattered from the target is detected by the same or a separate detector, and time measuring stops; (iii) the distance of the target is calculated from the time difference between (i) and (ii). The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method, the device comprising a radioactive source, a scintillation crystal counter/counters, a time-amplitude converter (TAC) and a pulse height analyzer (PHA).

Abstract: A method of and an equipment for optical inspection of strip and sheet products for the detection of surface defects, which equipment comprises an image forming apparatus 1, 2 for producing images of successive parts of the surface of a product 3 and for converting the images to analog signals 4, an A/D converter 5 for converting the analog signal to a digital signal 6, and an image analyzing unit 7 for analyzing the digital signal to detect surface defects therefrom. To reduce the data processing capacity required of the image analyzing unit, the equipment further comprises a compression unit 8 arranged between the A/D converter and the image analyzing unit for compressing the digital signal before it is analyzed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a semitrailer (1) comprising devices (6) for shifting a load, such as a container (9), to the support of the trailer (1) and away from the support thereof; as well as devices (3) for shifting the bogie (2) in the lengthwise direction of the trailer. According to the invention, the trailer (1) comprises devices (10; 12) for raising and lowering both the front end (1a) and rear end (1b) of the trailer. By employing the said devices, the front and rear ends of the trailer can be raised and lowered irrespective of each other in order to load and unload the trailer.

Abstract: A bogie for a railway vehicle comprising of at least two articulated, pivotable and rotatable wheel body parts (2, 3) including wheels or a set of wheels (4, 5) mounted in bearings and the supporting body (6) of the bogie being connected to the parts by a suspension (9a, 9b) of the railway vehicle. In the bogie, two wheel body parts (2, 3) have been resiliently interconnected from their side constructions by two stabilizer constructions (16) both of which have been articulated to the supporting body (6).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the visual inspection of at least partly specularly reflective surfaces, such as metal surfaces, which are in continuous motion, by means of a receiver apparatus (5) and an image-analysis apparatus (6). In order to eliminate from the image produced in the received apparatus (5) the uneven illumination caused by variations in the height and orientation of the surface (4) being inspected, the view angle (30) of the received apparatus is adjusted in such a manner that the length of the image of the source of light, formed by means of a perforated lens (3) in front of the source of light (1) is greater than the diameter of the input pupil of the lens of the received apparatus (5).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the replacing of working rolls in a rolling mill, wherein there is used a swiveling roll-replacement car which runs adjacent to the working rolls of the rolling mill, on a track parallel to the roll track, and can be aligned with the roll or the roll pair to be replaced. The transfer of the working-roll pair or the working roll from the roll stand to the roll-replacement car and the transfer of a new working-roll pair or working roll from the storage rack to the roll-replacement car take place simultaneously, and the positions of these working-roll pairs or respectively working rolls are interchanged, whereafter there are simultaneously transferred the said new working-roll pair or working roll to the rolling mill and the said old working-roll pair or respectively working roll into the storage rack.

Abstract: The description relates to a loading trailer which comprises a wheel bogie (4), a chassis (2) supported by the wheel bogie, and a gooseneck (3) for connection to a drive vehicle. The chassis is lowerable and raisable in relation to the wheel bogie for the purpose of being driven under a flat bed (5) and for lifting the flat bed with its load. In order to facilitate the aligning of the loading trailer (1) when driving it under the flat bed, at least the rear part of the chassis (2) is equipped with aligning guides (6) which work against the inner sides of the flat bed (5). The aligning guides (6) are preferably made up of arms which extend obliquely forwards and are adjustable by hydraulic cylinders and which have at their ends guide rolls which in the final position can be locked in depressions (9) in the flat bed. The front part of the chassis (2) also has preferably guides (7), which may be fixed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stacking apparatus for stacking pipes or other similar long pieces into a stack of a predetermined shape for bundling and storage. The purpose is to provide an apparatus in which the stacking need not be interrupted for the duration of the binding up of the bundle and in which, on the other hand, the pipes are not subject to battering. The apparatus includes an assembling table (5) for the pipes (1), a lifting device (7) equipped with electromagnetic gripping means (8) for transferring the pipes, in groups corresponding to a stack layer, from the assembling table, and a stacking table (11) for receiving the layers between adjustable side supports (12).