Abstract: An improved optical focusing system is provided which includes a parabolic reflector and a fresnel lens situated with respect to one another to share a common focus point. The improved system is designed to collimate substantially all of the available light emitted from a light source located at the common focus point and project the light along a projecting axis. Depending on the limitations placed upon the size of the parabolic reflector, a retroreflector situated about the periphery of the fresnel lens can be added to the system to maximize the amount of emitted light which the system can process and collimate.

Abstract: A cell, having a metallic hydroxide, oxide, oxyhydroxide or hydrated oxide added to the cathode. The addition of these compositions to a nonaqueous cell reduces the open circuit voltage (OCV) of a fresh cell in a relatively short period of time; therefore obviating the need for burning in new cells.

Abstract: A method for reducing passivation of a lithium electrode used in a cell having a thionyl chloride liquid cathode is disclosed, the method comprising providing on the surface of the electrode a polymer Film selected from the group of alkyl acrylate and alkyl substituted acrylate polymers, the Film containing a salt in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: A lithium cell having an improved seal. A polymeric grommet sandwiched between a conductive can and cover is wetted with atatic polypropylene. The tacky atatic polypropylene film fills the intersticies between and along the grommet and can components to reduce cell leakage.

Abstract: A lithium-thionyl chloride cell which has a lithium-aluminum alloy at the anode surface for reducing voltage delay.

Abstract: A lithium-organic electrolyte cell which is provided with an aluminum-magnesium alloy cladding on the lithium anode. The cladding provides a cell having improved pulse performance.

Abstract: An electrolyte for solid-state electrochemical cell comprising in solid state, a combination of lithium, phosphate and iodide and either calcium or aluminum moieties, the non-metallic moieties being in stoichiometric relationship with the metallic moieties. An advantageous electrolyte is prepared by reacting calcium iodide and lithium orthophosphate.

Abstract: A galvanic cell (10), useful in batteries (50), including a can (12). The can (12) is equipped with a spout (20) to permit controlled cell (10) sealing and sealant (18) overflow (52).

Abstract: A method for preparing stable non-stoichiometric cathode material to provide cathodes useful in non-aqueous electrochemical cells having an active metal (e.g. lithium) anode. The method comprises reducing the non-stoichiometric cathode material (e.g. manganese dioxide) with the active metal or a precursor compound of said active metal to form a compound of the active metal and stoichiometric active cathode material.