Abstract: A novel method and apparatus are described for modifying the field within the toroidal chamber of a stellarator or a tokamak. At least one additional electrical conductor is arranged around the straight axis of the toroidal chamber and has a sawtooth or zigzag shape with the number of teeth being the same as the number of toroidal field coils or a factor thereof. The conductor is shaped so that one edge of each tooth is substantially parallel to a portion of one of the toroidal field coils while the other edge of the tooth extends from the upper portion of one coil to a lower portion of the toroidal field coil associated with another tooth. The conductor is adapted to carry a current that is approximately the same as that in the toroidal field coil but in the opposite direction.

Abstract: Repowering industrial and utility boilers with a circulating fluidized bed combustor to reduce SOx and NOx emissions emanating from the boilers by the following steps.First combusting high sulfur-containing carbonaceous solid fuel in a circulating fluidized bed combustor in admixture with limestone and air.Secondly combusting a carbonaceous fuel in an industrial or utility boiler.Thirdly mixing the flue gases generated in the circulating fluidized bed combustor with the exhaust gases produced in the industrial or utility boiler.Finally controlling the total heat generation by maintaining the circulating fluidized bed heat input to the boiler furnace from about 70 to 90% and the heat input of the boiler furnace from about 30 to 10%.