Abstract: This invention covers a process for making biodiesel from vegetable oils and animal fat with a simple hetrogeneous catalyst providing high yield and reaction rates under moderate conditions. The process is designed so as to enhance the yield by pretreatment step of esterification if required. The process provides gravity separation and any pretreatment/distillation/stripping, if needed before sending Biodiesel and glycerine to storage. The process provides heterogeneous catalysts so as to reduce the waste from the system and also it reduces the utilities and chemical cost. The process is optimized, simple in operation, economical, providing best yields compared to any processes in the market.

Abstract: This invention covers a process for making Octene from mix C4 Feed by a low cost highly selective multistage process. The multi staging of reactors essentially provides lower cost than conventional processes. Two options are provided in FIGS. 1 and 2 as regards to configuration based on the same catalyst but as can be seen that FIG. 1 configuration is low cost option with very high selectivity. The process provides conversion of butene to Octene >95% and product purity >96%. Product can be fractionated and can have a high purity Octene product by removing the trimers/polymers from the octene product. As mentioned due to the nature of the process configuration, one achieves high yield and selectivity with low cost.

Abstract: This invention covers a process for dimerizing of isobutylene to Iso-octene and unique configuration is being disclosed, where the Feed is diluted to low level with recycle which has essentially no Iso-octene, dual catalyst system, new selectivator (IPA) and successive catalyst stages if needed to enhance the conversion. The process is very selective and provides higher isobutylene conversion. Additionally the invention also covers the hydrogenation of olefins to Paraffin, Iso-octene to Iso-octane product under moderate conditions and with dual or single catalyst system.

Abstract: Novel reactor design allows to provide a new and optimum sulfuric acid alkylation process which is operated at low temperature to provide all the benefits, with no complex mixing devices and cumbersome internals which have to be installed through manways. The novel art provided in this embodiment, provides novel Eductor mixing device, and auto refrigeration absorption rather than compression, and makes alkylate product which has a better octane, lower acid consumption and lower capital and operating costs. The reaction of C3 to C5 Olefins with Isobutane in the presence of 90 to 95% sulfuric acid concentration in this novel reactor design provides the low temperature (essentially under isothermal conditions) operation which has advantages over conventional processes of good product quality band low acid consumption.