Abstract: Described are preferred monomers including a vinylbenzyl moiety N-bonded to an alkylaminopyridinyl or pyridylimidazolyl function. Also described are preferred acid salts of such monomers. Additionally, preferred processes involving and resins formed from these preferred monomers are described. The preferred resins are highly selective for valuable heavy metal ions such as copper and demonstrate superior iron rejection values.

Abstract: An improved Monsanto-type process for acetic acid preparation and a heterogeneous-supported catalyst for accomplishing the same, comprising reacting methanol with carbon monoxide under pressure of about 65-80 Bar and temperature of about 170.degree.-200.degree. C. in the presence of methyl iodide and a catalyst comprising an insoluble polymer having pendant free base, N-oxide or quaternized pyridine groups supporting a rhodium species loaded to less than about 10 weight percent (expressed as metal) of the polymer component.

Abstract: A process for the selective production of 3-methylpyridine in high yield comprising the step of contacting a vaporized feed stream containing 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine with a metal-oxide catalyst of other than an alkali metal at a temperature of about 500.degree.-600.degree. C. for a contact time of less than about 30 seconds. The catalyst may be on a suitable heterogeneous support, and additives in the feed stream may include 3-methylpiperidine as well as water, hydrogen, ammonia, or nitrogen or some other inert gas. A fluid-bed reactor is preferred, with recycling of by-product and continuous effective runs without catalyst regeneration being accomplished at the stated temperatures.

Abstract: A cross-linked polymer-supported 4-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino) pyridine material and process for its preparation in high yield and having effective physical and catalytic properties. The polymer-supported catalyst is characterized by the suspension copolymerization of an organic phase containing the corresponding vinyl-substituted pyridine monomer, a styrene monomer, and a suitable cross-linking agent and free radical-generating catalyst in the presence of an aqueous phase containing a cellulose ether derivative as the stabilizing agent. A purified acid salt of the vinyl-substituted pyridine monomer useful in polymerizations and stable for storage as either a solid or an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process in which an electrochemical cell is used to simultaneously conduct a product synthesis and purification while also regenerating conductive material. The improved process is applied to an electrochemical synthesis which is conducted by electrolyzing a working electrolyte into which ions selectively flow, as through an ion-exchange membrane, from a counter electrolyte. The improvement comprises the step of purifying a previously electrolyzed working electrolyte by including it in or as a counter electrolyte in a subsequent synthesis.

Abstract: A process for dealkylating the 2-position on a trisubstituted pyridine derivative having the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is a straight chain alkyl group from about C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 and where R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups up to about C.sub.10, comprising the step of reacting said pyridine derivative at reflux with excess sulfur. Of particular note is the preparation of 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine including the initial preparation of its 2-ethyl precursor by the Chichibabin reaction of propionaldehyde and ammonia.

Abstract: A cross-linked polymer-supported 4-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino) pyridine material and process for its preparation in high yield and having effective physical and catalytic properties. The polymer-supported catalyst is characterizd by the suspension copolymerization of an organic phase containing the corresponding vinyl-substituted pyridine monomer, a styrene monomer, and a suitable cross-linking agent and free radical-generating catalyst in the presence of an aqueous phase containing a cellulose ether derivative as the stabilizing agent. The catalyst is further characterized by its yield in excess of 90% by weight and by its predominant and generally spherical and smooth bead form and substantially uniform size that is efficiently hard and durable and possesses sufficient catalytic activity for effective use in acylation, alkylation or other related reactions.

Abstract: An electrochemical oxidation of a pi-deficient N-heterocyclic precursor compound having an oxidizable organic group attached by a carbon-to-carbon linkage. This precursor compound is at least sparingly water soluble. The preferred electro-oxidation is conducted at an effective anode and in a medium which consists essentially of water, carboxylic acid, and the precursor compound. Preferred are electro-oxidations of substituted pyridine and quinoline bases and a particularly preferred aspect provides a convenient electrochemical synthesis of niacin from 3-methylpyridine.

Abstract: In a Chichibabin amination of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base by sodamide in an organic solvent, the improvement comprising conducting the reaction under pressure of at least about 50 psi in the gas phase above the reaction mixture and adding ammonia to the mixture sufficient to produce a partial pressure of ammonia of at least about 5 psi in the gas phase. Preferred temperature and pressure ranges are disclosed, as are catalysts and other preferred steps for practicing the reaction. Significant results are obtained including improved and changed yields from those classically expected in Chichibabin aminations, including new compositions of matter in at least three cases.

Abstract: A low-temperature corrosion inhibited deicing composition is disclosed which comprises a major portion of magnesium chloride and an effective amount of an inhibitor including a polyphosphate salt to reduce corrosion, or a solution thereof. The solution form is preferred. Additional preferred aspects are provided where the inhibitor also includes a zinc-containing salt, and where the deicing composition is free from (or at least substantially so) chloride ions other than those due to the magnesium chloride. A method for low-temperature deicing of bridgework is described which includes the use of the inhibited deicing composition.

Abstract: A cross-linked polymer-supported 4-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino) pyridine material and process for its preparation in high yield and having effective physical and catalytic properties. The polymer-supported catalyst is characterized by the suspension copolymerization of an organic phase containing the corresponding vinyl-substituted pyridine monomer, a styrene monomer, and a suitable cross-linking agent and free radical-generating catalyst in the presence of an aqueous phase containing a cellulose ether derivative as the stabilizing agent. A purified acid salt of the vinyl-substituted pyridine monomer useful in polymerizations and stable for storage as either a solid or an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,2'-bipyridyls by reacting a pyridine base in the presence of a nickel catalyst which comprises a significant amount of elemental nickel bound on a suitable support. The coupling reaction takes place in several reactor designs at a temperature of about 200.degree.-240.degree. C. and a pressure sufficient to maintain at least some of the base in a liquid state during the reaction.