Abstract: An improved drumshell construction comprising a first layer of sheet material having elastic properties, a second layer of sheet material in mating engagement with the first layer of sheet material, a means to bond the two layers together, wherein the elastic modules of the first layer of material is imparted to the second layer of material to enhance the formation of a drumshell having varying sound absorptive and radiating characteristics to control and enhance the timbre of the drumhead.

Abstract: In combination with a drum, which includes a drumshell, a flesh hoop, a counter-hoop and a drumhead with a drumming surface, a device for tensioning a drumhead that eliminates protruding and awkwardly designed components and protects against the associated physical discomfort to the musician which interferes with the enjoyment of playing the instrument and the musician's playing technique. The tensioning device includes a conventional mechanical worm-drive mechanism for applying a tensioning force substantially perpendicular to the drumming surface toward the flesh hoop to the counter-hoop to increase the tension of the drumming surface. One end of the tensioning device is affixed securely to the drumshell and the other end of the device is tightly attached to the counter-hoop. The tensioning device is also comprised of two or more generally flat, ribbon-like bands disposed in a low-profile fashion about the perimeter of the shell.

Abstract: An improved drumhead and tensioning apparatus comprising a flat annular hoop having a generally flat upper member and a generally flat lower member parallel to and spaced apart from the flat upper member. Disposed and secured between the flat upper and lower members is a material for constituting a drumming surface which is entirely planar and when joined with the annular hoop, forms a generally uniformly flat drumhead. Around the periphery of the drumhead are a plurality of openings for receiving tensioning bolts with threaded ends. Also provided are a generally flat annular counterhoop and a suspension ring with each having a plurality of spaced apart openings for receiving and engaging the tensioning bolts. The suspension ring includes a vertically projecting collar member with an upper edge portion, which is integrally formed with the suspension ring as a single, unitary component.

Abstract: An improved drumshell construction comprising a first layer of sheet material having elastic properties, a second layer of sheet material in mating engagement with the first layer of sheet material, a means to bond the two layers together, wherein the elastic modules of the first layer of material is imparted to the second layer of material to enhance the formation of a drumshell having varying sound absorptive and radiating characteristics to control and enhance the timbre of the drumhead.

Abstract: An improved drumhead comprising a substantially annular hoop having a generally planar upper member spaced apart from a generally planar lower member, a circumferential inner rim and a circumferential outer rim. Also provided is a film material or membrane, which is generally co-planar with the annular hoop, for constituting a drumming surface, which extends flat across the area defined within the circumferential inner rim and the circumferential outer rim. The drumhead is adaptable for use with a large variety of percussion instruments including toms, snare drums, bass drums, tambourines, congas, bongos and many other types of ethnic and other drums. The invention can also be employed separately as a hand held drum with the flat annular hoop section of the instrument functioning as a drumshell.

Abstract: An improved drumhead comprising a substantially annular hoop having a generally planar upper member spaced apart from a generally planar lower member, a circumferential inner rim and a circumferential outer rim. Also provided is a film material or membrane, which is generally co-planar with the annular hoop, for constituting a drumming surface, which extends flat across the area defined within the circumferential inner rim and the circumferential outer rim. The drumhead is adaptable for use with a large variety of percussion instruments including toms, snare drums, bass drums, tambourines, congas, bongos and many other types of ethnic and other drums. The invention can also be employed separately as a hand held drum with the flat annular hoop section of the instrument functioning as a drumshell.

Abstract: A device for use in combination with a musical drum for dampening extraneous and undesirable tones produced by the drumhead consisting of a means for affixing the device to the drum, such as, for example, a clamp assembly, mounted on a counterhoop. Connected to the clamp assembly is an L-shape bracket, which extends generally above the clamp and over a section of the edge portion of the drumhead surface where it attaches in pivotal relation to a horizontally extending arm, which is connected on its opposite end to a casing. An aperture is formed within the casing and extends entirely from the top end of the casing to the bottom. A vertically disposed plunger arm is slidably received through the aperture, and is connected at the bottom end to a plunger head, which includes a base portion and a felt pad or some similarly suitable material mounted thereon to act as the contact surface with the drumhead.

Abstract: A drumhead lamination comprising upper and lower layers of synthetic plastic sheet materials and a layer of impregnated polyester or natural fabric sheet material sandwiched in between the systhetic plastic layers. A substance employed to impregnate the fabric, typically a liquid resin, causes the fabric to harden and stiffen to enable it to vibrate synergistically in concert with the vibrating synthetic plastic layers when the drumhead is struck by a drumstick or a similarly hard object. Laminating adhesive is used to bond the layer together. Epoxy or a similar substance is applied to the top and bottom exposed surfaces of the drumhead as a protective coating.

Abstract: A device comprising a generally cylindrical shaped resilient cover with openings at opposite ends to receive in slidable relation the elongated rod component of a drum lug nut assembly. A slit is provided in combination with one of the openings to enable that end of the cover to expand and connect with the portion of the rod extending either below or above the nut component, as the situation requires. A portion of the back section of the cover is open to enable the cover to easily fit over and around the nut and the other components of the drum lug nut assembly that protrude beyond the surface of the drumshell.

Abstract: A head of a drum or similar kind of musical instrument comprising a synthetic plastic sheet material containing surfaces with variegated color shadings to give the texture and appearance of a natural animal skin. A method of manufacture of the improved drumhead including the steps of fine sanding to produce minor surface scratches, and intensive sanding to produce deeper scoring or gouges in the top and bottom surfaces of the head. A coating of resin is applied to the surfaces and collects within the scratched and gouged areas to produce the variegated characteristics of a natural skin and manipulate the surface structure to provide vastly improved sound.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding drums comprising a connected series of rotatably interrelated tubular posts, clamps and plates for enabling the versatile repositioning of drums in combination with or apart from a musical drum set. One end of the apparatus connects to and is supported by a bass drum, floor stand, or rack cage and the other end is attached to a tom or some other similar type of musical drum. Two connected clamp assemblies are provided, including, one assembly having a single post member with one end that connects to a support structure, and the other end that connects to a C-type clamp through a mating receptacle, and another assembly, including a second, usually shorter, single post member, with one end that connects to a mounting fixture attached to the shell of a tom drum and the other end that connects to a second C-type clamp through a corresponding mating receptacle. The clamps are joined by two aligned and spaced apart connecting plates, which are attached to shafts inside each of the clamps.

Abstract: A musical drum that includes a drumhead on each end that is secured to the shell by its own counterhoop. Formed as an integral part and around the perimeter section of each of the counterhoops is a series of slotted openings defined on each side by T-shaped arm members projecting radially from the hoop. A series of cord strands are threaded through each of these openings and drawn vertically across the shell in parallel relation to one another until the drum shell is encircled. By squeezing or depressing one or more of these strands together while striking the drumhead, the drummer is able to manipulate the tones and pitches of the drum sound to enable the drum to sound as if it is "speaking.

Abstract: A musical drum comprising a substantially cylindrical drum shell having a cylindrical shell wall and at least one end over which a drumhead is attached and a means having a first and second end disposed substantially and continuously around the periphery of the shell in contact relation with the shell for mounting the drum to a support device. The means for mounting the drum to a support device comprises a flexible band connected at each end to a bracket assembly for receiving a drum support means which generally comprises a rod that is inserted into the opening in the bracket assembly. The flexible band is disposed within a circumscribed recess or slot formed within the shell wall.

Abstract: A head for a drum or similar musical instrument including a synthetic plastic sheet material laminated to a synthetic fabric material having a plurality of layers of randomly orientated individual fibers. An epoxy resin is applied to the synthetic fabric material for coating and sealing the surface, impregnating the layers of fibers and encapsulating each of the individual fibers to preclude delamination of the fibers when the head is subjected to the constant pounding of a drumstick or sweeping motion of a drum brush upon its striking surface.

Abstract: A musical drum which has a drum shell constructed of wood, fiber composite structures using wood, paper, (Fiberglass) glass fibers and products made therefrom, and other fibers, plastics and the like, and other materials. At least one end of the shell which is to receive a drumhead has mounted and secured thereon a molded bearing edge fashioned from a resinous or some other suitable material, which preferable is substantially in the shape of an inverted "V," although several alternative shapes are disclosed. The molded bearing edge provides a considerable increase in the strength of the drum, provides desirable sound characteristics, and provides a flat, level and uniform plane with a consistent, structural integrity over which the drumhead is mounted and tensioned.

Abstract: A drumhead and a method for construction of a drumhead that can easily be installed and removed from most kinds of instrument shells, particularly congas, and also can be employed with the shell without the usual requirement of a standard rim mounted counter-hoop. The drumhead comprises a multi-laminate drumming surface, an oblique oriented multi-laminate circumferential sidewall integrally formed with and disposed around the periphery of the drumming surface and a reinforced counter-hoop supporting shoulder component abutting the lower section of the sidewall. The annular shoulder, which is formed from a hardened liquid resin material, is reinforced with a ring or hoop-like metal shank, which is introduced into the liquid resin before the liquid cures.

Abstract: A convertible drumhead easily mounted and tensioned on a conga shell, adaptable for use with any conventional drum shell and usable independently as a single headed hand held drum that is uniform in construction and comprises a drumming surface, a circumferential side wall integrally formed with and disposed around the periphery of the drumming surface and an annular shoulder, which includes a seat portion along its top surface. The sidewall and the annular shoulder can be fashioned as a one-piece unit or as separate pieces where the shoulder is fixed in abutting relationship against the side wall. The invention is used in combination with a ring or a modified version of a standard rim mounted counter-hoop, which abuts against the side wall and is supported tightly upon the seat of the annular shoulder. The shoulder, when employed as a separate component, securely anchors itself to the side wall and, thus, will integrate with it to ensure the integrity of the drumhead.

Abstract: A lamination comprising an upper fabric layer made of nonorientated polyester fibers, a lower plastic layer, and a substance which, when applied to the surface of the polyester fabric, creates a seal thereon and impregnates the material acting to further create a bond among and between the polyester fibers to preclude delamination of the fibers when the fabric surface is exposed to the constant pounding of drumsticks or the continuous circular and sweeping motion of a drum brush.

Abstract: A musical instrument of substantially conical shape that has a rim and spokes, the rim being substantially circular. The spokes number at least three and are of equal length, emanating from a second rim. The second rim is not in the same plane that is defined by the rim but shares the same axis with the first rim. The instrument can be played by striking it with a stick or another instrument. The sound the instrument gives can be changed by varying the diameter of the rim or the number of spokes, the orientation of the instrument, the material of which the instrument is made, or by loosely attaching a cymbal to the interior of the cone defined by the instrument's configuration.