Abstract: This invention has incorporated projective optics and phase conjugate material thus eliminating the requisite use of an external phase conjugate material to provide a see-through head mounted projective display. A key component of the invention is the use of optical imaging technology in combination with projective optics to make this revolutionary technology work. In previous head mounted projective displays the phase conjugate material had to be placed in the environment to display images, but in this invention one is not limited to the use of an external phase conjugate material but further extends its use to outdoor see-through augmented reality to produce images using the see-through head mounted projective display system. Furthermore, this invention extends the use of projective head mounted displays to clinical guided surgery, surgery medical, an outdoor augmented see-through virtual environment for military training and wearable computers.

Abstract: Methods and systems for using dynamic light scattering, for investigating local rheological responses of complex fluids over a frequency range larger than that provided by standard instrumentation. A low-coherence radiation source is used with fiber optics to allow measurements of small volume spacing of up to approximately 1/10 of a picoliter. The methods and systems are based on dynamic light scattering, for investigating the local rheological response of a complex fluid over a frequency range larger than that provided by standard mechanical instrumentation. The low-coherence radiation used in a fiber optics configuration allows the measurements to be confined to a small volume around a tenth of a picoliter. The ability of the method to accurately measure both loss and storage moduli has been tested using both simple Newtonian liquids and viscoelastic, complex fluids. Monitoring liquid-gel transitions in polymer solutions has also been demonstrated.

Abstract: Visual methods and systems are described for detecting alertness and vigilance of persons under conditions of fatigue, lack of sleep, and exposure to mind altering substances such as alcohol and drugs. In particular, the intention can have particular applications for truck drivers, bus drivers, train operators, pilots and watercraft controllers and stationary heavy equipment operators, and students and employees during either daytime or nighttime conditions. The invention robustly tracks a person's head and facial features with a single on-board camera with a fully automatic system, that can initialize automatically, and can reinitialize when it need's to and provide outputs in realtime. The system can classify rotation in all viewing direction, detects' eye/mouth occlusion, detects' eye blinking, and recovers the 3D(three dimensional) gaze of the eyes. In addition, the system is able to track both through occlusion like eye blinking and also through occlusion like rotation.

Abstract: A single crystal having the general composition, Ce2x(Lu1-yYy)2(1-x)SiO5 where x=approximately 0.00001 to approximately 0.05 and y=approximately 0.0001 to approximately 0.9999; preferably where x ranges from approximately 0.0001 to approximately 0.001 and y ranges from approximately 0.3 to approximately 0.8. The crystal is useful as a scintillation detector responsive to gamma ray or similar high energy radiation. The crystal as scintillation detector has wide application for the use in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, geology and cosmology because of its enhanced scintillation response to gamma rays, x-rays, cosmic rays and similar high energy particle radiation.

Abstract: A quarter-wave film having a wide bandwidth is invented. A preferred device configuration includes a chromatic half-wave film adjacent to a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) film. When a linear polarizer is attached to the side of chromatic half-wave film and the angles of all the optical components are properly set, the combination of chromatic half-wave film and TN-LC film behaves as a broadband quarter-wave film. Based on this idea, a broadband circular polarizer is invented if the linear polarizer, the chromatic half-wave film and the TN-LC film are combined together. In addition, this idea can also be applied to reflective liquid crystal display devices, which include a linear polarizer, a chromatic half-wave film, a TN-LC cell and a reflector.

Abstract: Two, three dimensional color displays having uniform dispersion of red, green and blue visible light emitting micron particles. Pumping at approximately 976 nm can generate green and red colors having an approximately 4% limit efficiency. One source can generate three colors with approximately limit efficiency. Modulators, scanners and lens can move and focus laser beams to different pixels forming two dimensional color images. Displays can be formed from near infrared source beams that are simultaneously split and modulated with micro electro mechanical systems, spatial light modulators, liquid crystal displays, digital micromirrors, digital light projectors, grating light valves, liquid crystal silicon devices, polysilicon LCDs, electron beam written SLMs, and electrically switchable bragg gratings. Pixels containing: Yb,Tm:YLF can emit blue light, Yb,Er(NYF) can emit green light, and Yb,Er:KYF and Yb,Ef:YF3 can emit red light.

Abstract: General scheme processes and systems for constructing algorithms for reconstructing images of objects that have been scanned in a spiral or non-spiral fashions with detectors. Application of the scheme requires finding of a weight function, which would lead to the required reconstruction algorithm. This general scheme can use a C-arm scan with the closed x-ray source trajectory and gives a new, theoretically exact and efficient (i.e., with the convolution-based FBP structure) reconstruction algorithm. The invention can also utilize the algorithms disclosed in an earlier application U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/143,160 filed May 10, 2002, entitled: Exact Filtered Back Projection (FBP) Algorithm For Spiral Computer Tomography, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/312,827 filed Aug. 16, 2001, also fit into the general scheme.

Abstract: The novel compound of the disclosure is 4-chloro-4-(4-ethoxy-phenyl)-2-(fluoren-9-ylidene-hydrazono)-but-3-enoic acid methyl ester (3F-19), and it alone or in combination with 4-(4-Ethoxy-phenyl)-2-(N?-fluoren-9-ylidene-hydrazino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butyric acid methyl ester (OF-13), appears useful in humans as therapeutic means for the eradication of tumors from the human's colon.

Abstract: An adaptive optical lens device, system and method of using the same is composed of at least two planar substrates and at least one homogeneous nematic liquid crystal (LC) layer. One planar substrate has a spherical or annular ring-shaped Fresnel grooved transparent electrode within it, the other has a transparent electrode coated on its inner surface. The thickness of the LC layer is uniform. When a voltage is applied across the LC layer, a centro-symmetrical gradient distribution of refractive index within LC layer will occur. Therefore, the LC layer causes light to focus. By controlling the applied voltage, the focal length of the lens is continuously tunable.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a laser communication system which allows changing the direction of reception and transmission without external manipulation of the system container. The basic unit of the system is a narrow-band transmitting-receiving telescope apparatus which includes a rotating diffraction grating and an independently rotating stage with mounted combination of photodetector for reception and laser for transmission and a focusing system concentrating the beam reflected from the grating onto the photodetector of the combination or sending a beam from laser of the combination onto the grating. The selection of definite angles for signal transmission-reception is realized by corresponding rotation of grating and rotating stage to the proper angles. The apparatus is intended for spectrally selective transmitting or receiving of optical radiation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for energy conversion of laser light with optical paramedic oscillation with reduced threshold and improved efficiency. A laser and an optical parametric oscillator are combined so that they share the same optical cavity. The laser field in the cavity is used as the seeding wave for the optical nonlinear material in converting the input pump wave into signal and idler waves, the idler wave having a frequency substantially identical to the laser frequency.