Abstract: A method and system for measuring a colour value of a target comprising a mobile communication device having a camera with a sensor arranged to detect wavelengths of incident light reflected from an illuminated target. The mobile communication device also has a processor arranged to measure a colour value of the target based on the detected wavelengths received from the sensor, and to output the measured colour value of the target for display on a display of the mobile communication device.

Abstract: A method includes displaying first information on a first touch-sensitive display of an electronic device and displaying second information on a second touch-sensitive display of the electronic device, detecting a first touch on the first touch-sensitive display and detecting a second touch on the second touch-sensitive display, performing a function associated with the single gesture when the first touch and the second touch are single-gesture associated; and associating the first touch with the first information and the second touch with the second information when the first touch and the second touch are not single-gesture associated.

Abstract: An ISFET detector for determining concentration of a target ion in a fluid, the apparatus comprising: a semiconducting substrate comprising a source and a drain having source and drain electrodes respectively and a channel region between them in the substrate; an insulating material overlying the channel region; a gate electrode formed on the insulating material; a reference electrode electrifiable to establish an electric field in the channel region; an accumulator comprising a layer of material of thickness less than or equal to about 2 nm (nanometers) that accumulates a quantity of target ions responsive to concentration of the target ions in the fluid; a layer of a conducting material on which the accumulator is formed that is separate from the gate electrode; and a conducting element that electrically connects the layer of conducting material to the gate electrode.

Abstract: A method to bond carbon nanotubes to a surface. The mechanism of this bonding is studied, and shows that intercalation of alkali ions is possibly the central mechanism. Bonding pull-off forces of 4-5 N/cm2 were measured. This bonding also provides improved interfacial properties for other phenomenon, including improved thermal conductivity.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the production of industrially relevant quantities of selenoprotein enzymes in eukaryotic cell cultures. More specifically, the present invention generally relates to the production of such enzymes wherein one or more catalytic cysteine or serine residues are mutagenically replaced by selenocysteine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.

Abstract: Compositions and methods, including vaccines and pharmaceutical compositions for inducing or enhancing an immune response are disclosed based on the discovery of useful immunological adjuvant properties in a synthetic, glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA) that is provided in substantially homogeneous form. Chemically defined, synthetic GLA offers a consistent vaccine component from lot to lot without the fluctuations in contaminants or activity that compromise natural-product adjuvants. Also provided are vaccines and pharmaceutical compositions that include GLA and one or more of an antigen, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist, a co-adjuvant and a carrier such as a pharmaceutical carrier.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating, deriving, and enhancing drivable road databases are provided. A baseline road in a road network is defined and position and/or trajectory data collected by vehicles traveling the baseline road are compiled and compared to a representation of the baseline road in an existing database. Identity and/or other property information about the road are assigned form the existing database to the new database.

Abstract: A method for automated detection of feature for calibration is provided, which includes capturing images of a polyhedral structure including a plurality of rectangular planes and triangular planes in different directions through a plurality of cameras, and generating a plurality of image files, each of the rectangular planes having calibration objects formed thereon to be used as input values of a calibration engine, and each of the triangular planes having a marker formed thereon to grasp absolute and relative relationships between the rectangular planes; searching for the calibration objects in the image files; searching for the same plane in which the calibration objects are formed using the calibration objects; and indexing the respective calibration objects formed on the same plane.

Abstract: A wireless client device associated with an access point records at which time T after a transmission time of a most recent beacon frame it gained access to the wireless medium for transmission of an uplink packet to the access point. The wireless client device self-schedules target transmission times for one or more future uplink packets, where each of the target transmission times is T after a respective expected transmission time of a beacon frame. Rather than immediately attempting to gain access to the wireless medium when it determines that another uplink packet is ready for transmission, the wireless client device waits until shortly before its next upcoming target transmission time to make the attempt. Implementation in wireless client devices that are attempting to transmit uplink packets to the same access point may prolong the amount of time they can remain in a doze state, potentially reducing their power consumption.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula 1: wherein each R individually is H, an aliphatic acyl group or an aromatic acyl group; A is selected from the group consisting of wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, alkoxy, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, cyano and nitro; are used to treat or prevent arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: A method for whitening teeth is disclosed. The method includes supplying a liquid sufficient to at least partially submerge a portion of a tooth; positioning a plasma device adjacent to the submerged portion of the tooth; supplying ionizable media to the plasma device; and igniting the ionizable media at the plasma device sufficient to form a plasma effluent in the presence of the liquid at the distal portion, whereby the plasma effluent reacts with the liquid to form at least one reactive species that interacts selectively with foreign matter disposed on the tooth.

Abstract: A vibration-actuated micro mirror device comprises a substrate, a swinging frame, a reflection mirror, and a vibration part. The swinging frame is rotatably arranged within a first accommodating space formed on the substrate. The reflection mirror is rotatably arranged within a second accommodating space formed on the swinging frame. The vibration part further comprises a plate coupled to the substrate, and a first and a second vibration structures. The first and the second vibration structures are coupled to the plate and are spaced a distance away from each other, wherein the first vibration structure receives a first driving signal having a first frequency and the second vibration structure receives a second driving signal having a second frequency smaller than the first frequency, thereby enabling the swinging frame to rotate about the first axis while enabling the reflection mirror to rotate about the second axis.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a relatively simple method to decrease the electrical resistivity of conductive adhesives by in-situ nanoparticle formation and sintering using a reducing agent. The reducing agent was found to cause sintering within the conductive adhesive by facilitating the reduction of the silver salts of fatty acids on the surface of silver flakes, leading to the formation of nano-/submicron-silver necks. These silver necks bridge neighboring silver flakes, decreasing the contact resistance between flakes within the conductive adhesives. The reducing agent also removes at least a portion of the lubricant commonly found on silver flakes used in conductive adhesives, thus reducing the tunneling resistance between the silver flakes.

Abstract: Components of semiconductor processing apparatus are formed at least partially of erosion, corrosion and/or corrosion-erosion resistant ceramic materials. Exemplary ceramic materials can include at least one oxide, nitride, boride, carbide and/or fluoride of hafnium, strontium, lanthanum oxide and/or dysprosium. The ceramic materials can be applied as coatings over substrates to form composite components, or formed into monolithic bodies. The coatings can protect substrates from physical and/or chemical attack. The ceramic materials can be used to form plasma exposed components of semiconductor processing apparatus to provide extended service lives.

Abstract: Various aspects of the invention provide memory devices, methods of storing and reading data, and silver/molecular-layer/metal (SMM) junctions. One aspect of the invention provides a memory device including a plurality of SMM junctions and an electrical structure configured to permit application of electricity across one or more of the plurality of SMM junctions. Another aspect of the invention provides a method of storing data on a memory device including a plurality of SMM junctions. The method includes applying electrical energy across a subset of the SMM junctions to switch the junction to a more conductive state. Another aspect of the invention provides an SMM junction including a silver layer, a copper layer, and a molecular layer positioned between the silver layer and the copper layer.

Abstract: A universal fluid flow adaptor may be formed of a single structure having a plurality of vertical conduits to receive a gas flow, the plurality of vertical conduits extending through the single structure from the top surface to the bottom surface, a plurality of horizontal conduits to receive a gas flow, the plurality of horizontal conduits extending through the first side, the second side, the first end, and the second end at an interior of the single structure, wherein one or more of the plurality of vertical conduits converge with at least one of the plurality of horizontal conduits at the interior of the single structure, and wherein one or more of the plurality of horizontal conduits converge to form at least one cross-shaped conduit at the interior of the single structure.

Abstract: Blackbody calibration standard including a main absorber and a secondary absorber, wherein the main absorber is comprised in a cavity and the secondary absorber is comprised in a cavity and the secondary absorber is arranged such that it surrounds the cavity comprising the main absorber.

Abstract: A method for rendering point cloud using a voxel grid, includes generating bounding box including all the point cloud and dividing the generated bounding box into voxels to make the voxel grid; and allocating at least one texture plane to each of the voxels of the voxel grid. Further, the method includes orthogonally projecting points within the voxel to the allocated texture planes to generate texture images; and rendering each voxel of the voxel grid by selecting one of the texture planes within the voxel by using central position of the voxel and the 3D camera position and rendering using the texture images corresponding to the selected texture plane.

Abstract: A multi-needle injection system having a collapsible and expandable frame portion is provided. The system can be adapted for delivery trans-urethrally into the bladder, and expanded to touch or penetrate a wall portion of the bladder. A plurality of positioned needles can inject at multiple points into the bladder wall simultaneously to introduce a therapeutic or treatment substance.