Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for testing easy-open can ends. The apparatus orients the ends, opens the ends, tests the ends to assure that opening has occurred and separates defective ends which have not successfully opened from acceptable ends.

Abstract: An improved water soluble metal working lubricant concentrate is disclosed. The lubricant concentrate consists essentially of a polyalkylene glycol polymer, an ethoxylated carboxylic acid or alcohol, a complex organic phosphate ester, an alkanolamine and water.

Abstract: A resealable closure device for use on metallic cans is disclosed. The closure device comprises a metallic end including a flanged opening therein and a molded rubber or plastic element which is molded in an "inverted umbrella" position and which is capable of being inverted upon itself to seal onto the end.

Abstract: An improved alumina reduction cell is described in which the carbonaceous cathode includes refractory hard metal shapes projecting upwardly from the cell surface thereof, forming the true cathode surface, and permanently mounted and replaceable protective sleeves formed of inert refractory material surrounding the refractory hard metal shapes and protecting these shapes from accidental contact by the anode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling the speed of rotation of a shaft. A sensor senses the speed of rotation and generates a first signal representative of the sensed speed. A controller compares the first signal with a second signal representative of a predetermined speed and generates an error or control signal representative of the comparison. The control signal is fed to the field of an alternator in such manner that the field of the alternator increases as the sensed speed increases over the predetermined speed. The field of the alternator opposes rotation of the alternator shaft. The alternator shaft is operatively associated with the shaft whose speed is being controlled so that the increase in alternator field force results in the application of a braking force on the shaft to thereby reduce its speed of rotation to the desired speed. As the shaft's speed approaches the desired speed, the alternator field force is decreased so as to prevent reduction of the shaft's speed below the desired value.

Abstract: A gaseous electrode for a magnetohydrodynamic generator is positioned at an angle with respect to the MHD magnetic field thereby causing an arc to move both circumferentially and longitudinally about an inner electrode element within a cavity so that a gas passed through the arc is ionized to form a plasma stream as it enters the generator's main channel. A second gas is introduced into the cavity at either end of the electrode assembly to reduce erosion of the inner electrode.

Abstract: A protective barrier for alumina reduction cell cathodes is disclosed. This barrier layer comprises a layer of borosilicate glass which may optionally be surrounded by layers of alumina silicate glass. The barrier prevents cryolitic salts from attacking the reduction cell insulation, preventing degradation of the insulation and improving cell efficiency.

Abstract: An improved bottom former for a draw and iron can-making apparatus is disclosed. The improved bottom former includes a hydraulically pressurized base-forming die unit. This die unit provides increased pressure and improved results, as compared with conventional bottom formers, especially with regard to large diameter can bodies.

Abstract: A hydraulic cup holder for use in a draw and iron can making press is disclosed. This cup holder produces increased pressure between the cup being reformed and its holding members, reducing the tendency for wrinkles to occur in reforming the cup into a can body.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recycling cans is disclosed. After separating magnetic material from the material input and separating conductive material from the remainder of the material input, overweight magnetic and/or conductive material is removed. The remaining metallic portions are then recombined for storage.

Abstract: A resealable closure device for use on metallic cans is disclosed. The closure device comprises a metallic end including a flanged opening therein and a molded rubber or plastic element which is molded in an "inverted umbrella" position and which is capable of being inverted upon itself to seal onto the end.

Abstract: An improved alumina reduction cell is disclosed. Vapor barriers, formed from a castable refractory and a silicon carbide mortar protect the bottom and sidewall insulation material of the cell from attack by the corrosive materials contained within the cell.

Abstract: An aluminosilicate ceramic product or article and a method of forming the article from as-mined ore. The product is useful as a proppant in gas and oil well fracturing. The ratio, on a calcined basis, of alumina to silica is between approximately 2.2 to 4.0. The amount of iron in the product is controlled as a function of the alumina to silica ratio so as to produce products having less than ten percent (10%) crush loss when subjected to a force of 10,000 psi.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for laminating plastics resin films to aluminum. The aluminum surface to be bonded is treated with a coating composition consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid or esters thereof and at least one acid selected from the group consisting of H.sub.2 ZrF.sub.6, H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6 and H.sub.2 SiF.sub.6. After this coating has dried, the plastics resin film is bonded to the aluminum, using dry laminating adhesives.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for dividing a single stick of can ends into a pair of can end sticks. The apparatus includes a pair of driven groved roll wheels between which the can ends are separated and fed in a pair of intermeshed star wheels for receiving the can ends and separating them into two separate can end sources.

Abstract: An apparatus for lap sealing plastics resin films is disclosed. The apparatus includes a heated and driven belt and a back-up plate. The belt may be driven independently of the film, such that its speed need not equal that of the film. The back-up plate includes a finger means for orienting the film into a lapped position and a sealing surface which permits the film to slide without damage and which does not act as a heat sink.

Abstract: A method for producing superplastic aluminum alloys, including a hot/warm rolling operation is disclosed. Use of this method eliminates the need for overaging the material prior to rolling.

Abstract: An apparatus for sampling can ends from a can end forming line is disclosed. The device includes first and second chutes and deflectors for deflecting can ends between the chutes. An optional door may be provided as a portion of one of the chutes to further deflect certain ends from the system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for packaging containers in cardboard trays with a surrounding plastics resin film. The trays are formed with apertures in each corner thereof, and holes are burned in the plastics resin film, after the package is formed, in registry with the apertures of the tray, permitting escape of leaked product within the containers from the package.