Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the promotion of regeneration of differentiated plants from vegetable cells maintained in tissue cultures by adding inhibitors of ethylene production or ethylene action to the hormone-containing or hormone-free culture medium used for maintaining the tissue cultures. The process is equally suitable for the promotion of the regeneration of mono- and dicotyledons. As an inhibitor preferably silver nitrate or cobalt chloride is employed.

Abstract: The invention relates to new 1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3,-a]quinolizin-1-yl-alkanecarboxylic acid amides of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand independently for a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a hydroxyl, nitro or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 stand independently for a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group;R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 stand independently for a hydrogen atom, C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, C.sub.3-8 alkenyl or cycloalkyl group, aryl or aralkyl group, heteroaryl or heteroaralkyl group containing oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atom, all these groups being optionally substituted; orR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together form an optionally substituted C.sub.2-8 .alpha.,.omega.-alkylene group, wherein one carbon atom may optionally be replaced by an oxygen or nitrogen atom; andG means a C.sub.1-4 straight chained alkylene group, as well as to their therapeutically suitable acid addition salts and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: A pyrimidine derivative of the formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic), ##STR1## wherein R stands for an alkyl group group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group optionally substituted by halogen atom; andX stands for chlorine or bromine atom or an arylsulfonyloxy group optionally substituted by 1 to 3 lower alkyl groups.The subject pyrimidine derivatives are intermediates for preparing 6-amino-1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-imino-4-piperidinopyrimidine.

Abstract: The invention relates to new anti-arrythmic azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are C.sub.1-4 alkyl groups which are the same or different, or one of them is a benzyl group and the others are C.sub.1-4 alkyl groups, andR.sup.4 is a hydroxy group, or an etherified hydroxy group of the formula --OR.sup.5, or an esterified hydroxy group of the formula --OOCR.sup.6, in which the esterifying groupR.sup.5 is a phenyl or benzyl group which optionally each can have a trihalomethyl substituent or one or more halogen or C.sub.1-4 substituents, or is a diphenyl or benzhydryl group, and the esterifying groupR.sup.6 is a C.sub.1-8 alkyl or a C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl or benzyl group which optionally each can have a halo-substituent or one or more C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, nitro or phenyl substituents, or is an optionally halogenated or hydrogenated naphthyl group, or a cinnamyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom or C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to the novel 2,6-bis(chloromethyloxy-carbonyloxymethyl)pyridine of the formula (I) ##STR1## as well as a process for the preparation of this compound, which is a useful intermediate in the preparation of the anti-atherosclerotic 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine bis(N-methylcarbamate) (pyridinolcarbamate) and other drugs.According to the invention, the compound of the formula (I) is prepared by reacting 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine of the formula (II) ##STR2## with chloromethyl chloroformate of the formula (III) ##STR3## in a polar-aprotic, water-immiscible organic solvent, in the presence of a basic substance between about -30.degree. C. and +10.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel butenoic acid derivatives of the general formula (Ia) having E-configuration ##STR1## as well as to their Z-izomers of the general formula ##STR2## wherein R stands for a (-)-menthyl or a (+)-menthyl group. as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds.The novel butenoic acid derivatives of the general formulae (Ia) and (Ib) possess valuable pharmacological properties, mainly gastric cytoprotective effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 17,18-dehydro-apovincaminol-trimethoxy-benzoate of the formula (I) ##STR1## and acid addition salts thereof. According to the invention compound of the formula (I) is prepared starting from 17,18-dehydrovincamine of the formula (IIa) ##STR2## and/or 17,18-dehydro-epivincamine of formula (IIb) ##STR3## by reducing with a complex metal hydride, acylating the new hydroxy-vincaminol derivative obtained selectively with 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoic acid or a derivative thereof capable of acylation, optionally in the presence of a catalyst and/or an acid binding agent, and treating the corresponding acylated hydroxylderivative obtained with formic acid, in the presence of an acid chloride, and, if desired, converting the compound of formula (I) obtained into an acid addition salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel bis-indole derivatives of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group;R.sub.2 stands for a hydrogen atom;R.sub.3 means an ethyl group of .alpha.-position; orR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together represent an oxygen bridge;R.sub.4 represents an ethyl or hydroxyl group of .beta.-position; andR.sub.5 stands for a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group;A represents a C.sub.1-10 straight-chain or C.sub.3-10 branched-chain alkyl group, hydroxy-alkyl, acetyl-alkyl, benzyl, C.sub.3-6 alkenyl or alkynyl or C.sub.5-7 cycloalkyl group or an aromatic group or a heteroaromatic group containing one nitrogen or one oxygen atom, andX stands for oxygen or sulphur atom,as well as their acid addition salts and pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds.Further on, the invention relates to a process for preparing these compounds and preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel optically active or racemic tetrahydro-1,2,4-oxadiazine-5-thione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the said compounds as active ingredients and a method for the anticonvulsive treatment of mammals, especially human beings.The compounds of the formula I have as good activity as diphenyl hydantoine but their toxicity is much lower.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of partially new 2-halonicergoline derivatives of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein X stands for chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, as well as their acid addition salts.The process of the invention comprises esterifying a novel 2-halo-1-methyllumilysergol of the formula (II), ##STR2## wherein X is the same as defined above, or an acid addition salt thereof and, if desired, converting the thus-obtained 2-halonicergoline derivative of the formula (I) to an acid addition salt.The compounds of the invention improve the cognitive function of the brain and show an antihypoxic as well as a strong .alpha.-adrenerg blocking and calcium-antagonistic action.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds of the general Formula I ##STR1## and isomers thereof wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl or phenyl, naphthyl or phenyl-(C.sub.1-4 alkyl), wherein the aryl ring of the three latter groups may optionally bear one or more halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, amino, hydroxy, C.sub.1-4 alkyl and/or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy substituent(s);R.sub.2 stands for hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, phenyl or naphthyl, wherein the two latter groups may optionally bear one or more halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, amino, hydroxy, C.sub.1-4 alkyl and/or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy substituent(s);R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxy or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy;Z is buta-1,3-dienyl or a group of the general Formula (a) ##STR2## or (b) ##STR3## and X is hydrogen or halogen.The compounds of the general Formula I possess useful pharmacological properties, particularly antidepressant and antiarrhythmial effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel furfuryl derivatives of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group,R.sub.2 stands for a hydroxyl or ethyl group of.beta.-position;R.sub.3 means an ethyl group of .alpha.-position;R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom; orR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together represent an oxygen bridge; andB stands for a hydroxyl of an O-acyl group, as well as their acid addition salts and pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds. Further on, the invention relates to a process for preparing these compounds and preparations.The compounds of the general formula (I) show a cytostatic activity with less toxicity than that of the commerically available known vinblastine-type bis-indole alkaloid drugs.

Abstract: A fermentation process is disclosed for the preparation of an inoculum, suitable for batchwise, semicontinuous, or continuous production of coenzyme B.sub.12 under septic conditions. The fermentation process begins with a broth consisting of methanol, cornsteep liquor hydrolysate or heat-treated corn slop, ammonium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride, cobalt chloride, 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole and sodium bisulfite used for anaerobic, mesophilic, septic fermentation production of coenzyme B.sub.12 with anaerobic, digested sewage sludge. Fermentation is carried out over several steps to provide an inoculum containing an anaerobic, mesophilic, methane-producing, new mixed micropopulation, containing bacteria of each of the types deposited at the Hungarian National Collection of Medical Bacteria, National Institute of Hygiene, under numbers 00076, 00079, and 00272.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel nitro derivatives of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for a methyl or a formyl group;R.sub.2 stands for a hydroxy or ethyl group of .beta.-position;R.sub.3 means an ethyl group of .alpha.-position;R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom; orR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together represent an oxygen bridge or a double bond;R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 stand for a nitro group or hydrogen atom, with the proviso that simultaneously only one of them may stand for hydrogen atom; andY stands for --N.dbd. when R.sub.5 stands for a nitro group; whereasY stands for --NH-- when R.sub.5 stands for a hydrogen atom and a valence bond exists between the C.sub.2, and C.sub.7, atoms,as well as their acid addition salts and pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds.Further on, the invention relates to a process for preparing these compounds and preparations.

Abstract: The invention relates to new eburnane derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and acid addition salts thereof.The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.Compounds of formula (I) show remarkable CNS-activity and are useful intermediates in the preparation of other, pharmaceutically active compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to new propionamidine derivatives of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X is halogen,and to a process for their preparation. According to the invention compounds of the formula (I) are prepared by reacting a 3-halopropionitrile of the formula (III) ##STR2## wherein X is as defined above,with sulfamide of the formula (II) ##STR3## in the presence of a hydrogen halide. Compounds of the formula (I) are useful intermediates in the preparation of famotidine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for methyl or a group of the formula R.sup.3 --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --wherein R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a protective group being compatible with the peptide bond,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, a protective group being compatible with the peptide bond or a cation derived from an organic or inorganic basethe pharmaceutically acceptable salts and diastereomers thereof.The compounds of the invention are useful for inhibiting the effect of the angiotensin converting ensime and they can be used in the therapy as blood pressure reducing agents and for the treatment of cardiac failure and glaucoma.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for measuring the flow rate of solid granular material in which a sample holder of variable geometry is provided with an aperture containing a shutter. The aperture is opened and the material is collected and weighed. Either the time to collect a given weight or the weight collected in a given time is determined and combined with signals representing the sample holder geometry, aperture cross section and material constants to provide a measure of flow rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to new 2-pyridine-thiol derivatives of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,Z is phenyl optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms and/or alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylphenyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or an ##STR2## group, in which R has the same meaning as defined above, and the substituent ##STR3## is attached to the pyridine ring in the position 3 or 4, with the proviso that if R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are both methyl and Z is 4-chlorophenyl, R is other than hydrogen, and acid addition salts thereof.The invention further relates to processes for the preparation of the above compounds and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredient.The compounds are pharmaceutically active, in particular show cytoprotective activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of aminodiaryl sulfoxide derivatives of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein X is halogen, alkoxy having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a group --(N,R,R.sup.1), in whichR and R.sup.1 are hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl or phenylthio both optionally substituted by one or more identical or different halogen(s) and/or amino group(s),and acid addition salts thereof.The compounds of formula (I) are pharmaceutically active, in particular are potent anthelmintics, or can be used as active ingredients in pesticidal compositions. The invention therefore relates to pharmaceutical and pesticidal compositions containing compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof as active ingredient.Compounds of formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined above, but if X stands for a group --N(R,R.sup.1) in which R and R.sup.