Abstract: A medical instrument includes a handpiece, a tank portion configured to house a fluid, a suction/discharge unit configured to change a volume or pressure of an inside of the tank portion to suction the fluid into the tank portion or discharge the fluid from the tank portion, and an operating unit providing a member different from the suction/discharge unit and configured to operate the suction/discharge unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetic polymorphism data, compositions and methods for detecting genetic polymorphisms, methods for evaluating drugs using genetic polymorphisms and screening methods for drugs.

Abstract: In an electron beam excited ion irradiation apparatus which irradiates ions to a material, an electrical discharge changes an inert gas into a plasma. Electrons are drawn from this plasma and are made into electron beams. The electron beams are passed through an active gas to create ion. When the ion is irradiated to a material, electron components of the electron beams, which are irradiated vertically to a surface of the material are changed their irradiation direction. Control of the range of electron beam irradiation is performed by a magnetic filed formed so as to surround the ion beams.