Abstract: An apparatus for assessing burn injury to underlying tissue from a flammable material. The apparatus includes an artificial human tissue and a plurality of temperature sensors located at predetermined locations in the artificial human tissue to measure temperature of the artificial human tissue during a flammability test. The apparatus further includes a heat sink device for simulating the heat sink properties of a human body. The apparatus further includes a heat exchange tank for maintaining the artificial human tissue at a regulated temperature, the heat exchange tank being filled with a fluid. The apparatus further includes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the fluid in the heat exchange tank. The apparatus further includes a water supply device for supplying water to the interior of the heat exchanger. The apparatus also includes a data acquisition system attached to the plurality of temperature sensors for recording the temperature of the artificial human tissue.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the effect of strangulation. The apparatus includes a model of a human having an artificial neck, and at least one sensor for measuring physical characteristics of the artificial neck during application of an applied force on the artificial neck. In one aspect, the model further includes a circulation system for circulating a fluid, and the at least one sensor includes a plurality of flow sensors to measure a flow of the fluid in the circulation system at predetermined locations and a plurality of pressure sensors to measure a pressure of the fluid in the circulation system at predetermined locations. In another aspect of the invention, the model includes a closed tube, and the at least one sensor includes a pressure sensor to measure the pressure of the air in the closed tube. The invention also includes a method for measuring the effect of strangulation on a model of a human.

Abstract: Children, particularly those younger than 4 years, frequently place foreign objects such as toys and small parts of consumer products in their mouths, nasal cavities and ear canals. These actions not infrequently lead to injury or death. To asses the risk of injury or death in children at the critical stages of child development, accurate computerized and physical models of anatomical areas including the oral cavity, orbit, ear canal and nasal passages that are most often severely injured by foreign body impaction are created. These computer and physical anatomical models are used in combination with computer and physical models of products to assess the possible hazards inherent in a product design and to communicate the risks associated with product design to manufacturers and marketing groups.

Abstract: A window blind assembly is provided. A header mounts near a window. A window blind is moveable between a raised position near the header and a lowered position over a portion of the window. A shaft is rotatably mounted in the header and connected to the blind such that rotation in a first direction raises the blind, and rotation in a second direction lowers the blind. A brake engages the shaft to prevent rotation in the first direction, but allows rotation in the second direction to lower the blind when a downward force is applied to the blind. A brake release is engaged with the brake and is configured such that activation of the brake release releases the brake, allowing the shaft to rotate in the first direction and raise the blind, until deactivation of the brake release causes the brake to reengage the shaft.