Abstract: A method and an apparatus for carrying out the method, for ascertaining at least one exit probability from a land area identifiable in a digital map as open terrain, wherein the exit probability is ascertained starting from a position within the land area. The method includes a step of subdividing the land area into a plurality of cells, with an initial transition probability being assigned to at least one transition from one cell to an adjacent cell. The method further includes a step of adapting the initial transition probability of the transition in response to a presence of at least one item of information from the digital map, to obtain an adapted transition probability for the transition, the item of information being associated with the cell or with the adjacent cell. The method also includes ascertaining the exit probability at least using the adapted transition probability of the transition.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for carrying out the method, for ascertaining at least one exit probability from a land area identifiable in a digital map as open terrain, wherein the exit probability is ascertained starting from a position within the land area. The method includes a step of subdividing the land area into a plurality of cells, with an initial transition probability being assigned to at least one transition from one cell to an adjacent cell. The method further includes a step of adapting the initial transition probability of the transition in response to a presence of at least one item of information from the digital map, to obtain an adapted transition probability for the transition, the item of information being associated with the cell or with the adjacent cell. The method also includes ascertaining the exit probability at least using the adapted transition probability of the transition.

Abstract: Embodiments of a dialog system that utilizes grammar-based labeling scheme to generate labeled sentences for use in training statistical models. During the process of training data development, a grammar is constructed manually based on the application domain or adapted from a general grammar rule. An annotation schema is created accordingly based on the application requirements, such as syntactic and semantic information. Such information is then included in the grammar specification. After the labeled grammar is constructed, a generation algorithm is then used to generate sentences for training various statistical models.