Abstract: Novel medicinal agent for the topical treatment of viral diseases, containing 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine as the antivirally active compound and urea as the penetration-promoting compound, in an aqueous gel.

Abstract: Novel 5-lower alkyl-2'-desoxyuridine-5'-monophosphates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms having antiviral activity.

Abstract: 2'-Deoxyribofuranosyl nucleosides having the formula: ##STR1## , wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms, a phenyl or benzyl group, a methoxy group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a nitrile group or an amino group which can be mono- or disubstituted by alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, or in which the nitrogen atom thereof is part of a 5- or 6-membered ring, or a perfluoroalkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are benzoyl, tolyl, p-chlorobenzoyl or p-nitrobenzoyl, which comprises reacting a 1-halogen derivative of a blocked 2-deoxy-D-ribose with a silylated pyrimidine derivative in an alkyl nitrile solvent in the presence of a mercury (II) salt at a temperature of about -10.degree. to about 40.degree. C. The biologically active .beta.-anomers can be separated from the resulting reaction mixture readily and in high yield.

Abstract: Straight- and branched-chain alkanes and 1-hydroxyalkanes of 4 to 18 carbon atoms, substituted in the .omega.-position by hetero-cyclic groups having the formula: wherein X is a methine group or a nitrogen atom and Y is oxygen or sulfur are prepared by reacting a haloalkane or a haloalkanol with an alkali metal salt of a compound containing the desired heterocyclic group, such as a pyridone or a substituted pyrimidine. The compounds have been found to be useful in accelerating the dark adaptation, as determined in tests with mice.

Abstract: A 2-thio-6-chlorouracil having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 are the same or different and represent an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group. R.sub.1 can also be hydrogen or an alkenyl group. These compounds are useful as inhibitors of the enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase.

Abstract: Uracil derivatives having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are each an alkyl group of 2 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is an alkyl group of 2 to 5 carbon atoms and X is a hydrogen or halogen atom. These compounds are characterized by their fungicidal activity.