Abstract: Disclosed herein are vertical traction systems and methods of using the vertical traction systems to treat both bones and muscles in a normal working state. In one embodiment, a vertical traction system includes a frame, a load-bearing assembly, and a spinal traction assembly. The load-bearing assembly is coupled to the frame, and is configured to move vertically and support a subject under treatment in an upright position while the load-bearing assembly moves vertically. The spinal traction assembly is coupled to the frame, and is configured to pull the cervical or lumbar spine of the subject.