Abstract: Residue produced by incineration of commercial, industrial or municipal waste is treated to remove oversize material and ferrous materials. The moisture content of the untreated residue is adjusted, and the residue is mixed with Portland cement to partially aggregate the residue into a free-flowing, granular material containing no more than about five percent by weight fines and having a hydraulic conductivity of at least about 0.001 cm/sec after curing for 24 hours. The treated residue can be used to form a gas-venting layer for a landfill, and retains its good hydraulic conductivity as it cures into a cohesive mass, such that leaching of hazardous materials is reduced.

Abstract: Residue produced by incineration of commercial, industrial or municipal waste is treated to remove oversize material and ferrous materials. The moisture content of the untreated residue is adjusted, and the residue is mixed with Portland cement to partially aggregate the residue into a free-flowing, granular material containing no more than about five percent by weight fines and having a hydraulic conductivity of at least about 0.001 cm/sec after curing for 24 hours. The treated residue can be used to form a gas-venting layer for a landfill, and retains its good hydraulic conductivity as it cures into a cohesive mass, such that leaching of hazardous materials is reduced.

Abstract: Residue produced by incineration of commercial, industrial or municipal waste is treated on-site at the point of generation or storage. Moist residue, such as incinerator bottom ash, is mixed in a multi-segment rotary drum with a heavy metals treatment agent in a first section of the drum. An aggregation agent is added to the mixture, and the mixture separates under the shearing force imposed by the rotating drum into individual pieces which are rolled into balls. A cementitious coating material is added to coat the balls, and the coated balls are classified by size. The classified coated balls are conveyed to a bagging plant, where they are packaged in flexible containers formed from material selected to retard water loss, and tagged with identifying information. Toxic contaminants such as cadmium, lead and mercury are immobilized in the cured balls, which can be used as a construction aggregate. Leaching of heavy metals from the incinerator residue is strongly inhibited by the process.