Abstract: An energy supply train for under-ground mining has several universal transport unit frames (UTU frames) (1) inter-connected by drawbars and useful as elements of a suspended monorail. At least one of the U68TU frames carries a heavy-duty transformer and at least another UTU frame carries a compact station (4, 5) arranged in a pressure-resistant housing (2, 3) with switchgear (13, 14, 15, 16) for supplying electric energy to underground working means and with electric connection devices (10, 11) at the input and output side of the pressure-resistant housing (2, 3). Each UTU frame (1) carries two compact stations (4, 5) mechanically interconnected by a box (6) and electrically interconnected by electric lines (17) that extend through said box (6) so as to form a single device. The electric connection devices are verified by means of authorised power outlets directly arranged on the walls of the pressure-resistant housings (2, 3) of the compact stations (4, 5).

Abstract: A roof structure has a plurality of layers of heat resistant material, at least a first of the layers including a first brick layer, at least a second of the layers above the first of the layers including a heat resistant compound, and the heat resistant compound being unshaped when initially installed above the first of the layers. A method of forming a roof structure in an opening between side walls of a chamber includes the steps of installing at least one layer of bricks in the opening directly above the chamber, applying at least one layer of a first concrete in an unshaped form in the opening over the at least one layer of the bricks, tamping the at least one layer of the first concrete at at least a first predetermined temperature, and allowing the at least one layer of the first concrete to harden.

Abstract: The door has a separate seal element and a hollow profile frame. The hollow profile frame has a number of tappets exending therefrom to press the seal element against a door frame. These tappets are applied individually to the seal element by pressure from a pneumatic hose within the hollow profile frame which applies pressure to the tappets.

Abstract: A method of processing hydrocarbon substances including coal, heavy crude oil, and bitumen by hydrogenating the hydrocarbon substance with a gas containing from 20%-100% hydrogen at a pressure in the range of from 50 bar to 700 bar and at a temperature in the range of from 250.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. to produce a hydrogenation residue which is treated in a secondary stripping operation using hydrogen gas at a pressure between about 1.2 bar and 150 bar to recover light hydrocarbon gases from the hydrogenation residue.

Abstract: The door has a separate seal element and a hollow profile frame. The hollow profile frame has a number of tappets extending therefrom to press the seal element against a door frame. These tappets are applied individually to the seal element by pressure from a pneumatic hose within the hollow profile frame which applies pressure to the tappets.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrogenation process for reprocessing used oil into secondary raffinates in the form of lubricating oils. In this process according to some embodiments of the invention, ecologically undesirable byproducts or waste materials are eliminated, without requiring expensive and time-consuming separation stages or reaction conditions, or the use of expensive catalysts. In particular, even severely contaminated oils, i.e. those which contain organo-chlorine compounds, in particular PCB, chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurane in concentrations above certain limits, can also be reused as secondary raffinates, in particular as lubricating oils. No longer need these substances be destroyed in a high temperature combustion process, for example. As a first step, the coarse solid substances are removed from the used oil. Thereafter, with the addition of hydrogen, a hydrogenation step is conducted in a sump phase at predetermined pressures and temperatures.

Abstract: A preferred method of dry cooling coke includes the steps of removing the coke from the coke oven, crushing the coke with a crushing device to increase a surface area thereof, transporting the coke after crushing to a dry cooling apparatus, and dry cooling the coke by the transfer of heat at the surface area which has been increased by the crushing.

Abstract: The preferred invention describes a process for the hydrogenation of organochlorine compounds and a neutralizing agent for hydrochloric acid which is obtained from organochlorine compounds.

Abstract: The door has a separate seal element and a hollow profile frame. The hollow profile frame has a number of tappets extending therefrom to press the seal element against a door frame. These tappets are applied individually to the seal element by pressure from a pneumatic hose within the hollow profile frame which applies pressure to the tappets.

Abstract: A locking device is for an oven door of an oven which extends horizontally and includes an interior defined by interior walls and a door opening which is surrounded by a door frame. The door frame includes an external sealing surface. The oven door includes a sealing unit having peripheral edge portions for overlying and making sealing contact with the sealing surface of the door frame. The locking device includes a support frame which generally surrounds the sealing unit to overlie the peripheral edge portions thereof. There are included devices for anchoring the support frame to the door frame with the peripheral edge portions disposed therebetween. Contact pressure elements are disposed about the support frame in alignment with the peripheral edge portions. Apparatus is included for causing the contact pressure elements to produce a sealing force on the peripheral edge portions to produce the sealing contact with the sealing surface of the door frame.

Abstract: A roof structure has a plurality of layers of heat resistant material, at least a first of the layers including a first brick layer, at least a second of the layers above the first of the layers including a heat resistant compound, and the heat resistant compound being unshaped when initially installed above the first of the layers. A method of forming a roof structure in an opening between side walls of a chamber includes the steps of installing at least one layer of bricks in the opening directly above the chamber, applying at least one layer of a first concrete in an unshaped form in the opening over the at least one layer of the bricks, tamping the at least one layer of the first concrete at at least a first predetermined temperature, and allowing the at least one layer of the first concrete to harden.

Abstract: A metal shield is for an oven which has an interior, a door opening which is surrounded by a door frame, and a door for extending across the door opening. The door is for making sealing contact with the door frame. The metal shield includes a plurality of generally parallel elongated metal members which combine to form an array of elongated metal members substantially lying within a plane. The array of elongated metal members is disposed within the interior of the oven inwardly of the door frame and inwardly of the door when the door is in sealing contact with the door frame. The array of elongated metal members extends generally transversely to the interior of the oven with the plane being generally parallel to the door frame.

Abstract: Heat exchanger tubes which are immersed in a fluidized bed of a combustion fluidized bed installation are provided with flow deflectors which reduce erosion of the fluidized materials in the bed on the tubes. The flow deflectors are preferably fins or pins, which protrude from the surface of the tubes and which disturb the erosive flow against the outer walls of the tubes. The flow deflectors also increase the surface areas of the tubes and thereby improve heat transfer from the combustion in the fluidized bed to a fluid heat exchanging medium within the tubes.

Abstract: A cutting tool or pick on a rotary excavating head has a substantially flat body with leading and trailing flanks, one of these flanks having an arcuate recess or projection matingly engaged by a complementarily curved formation on an adjacent wall of a pocket of a tool holder defining therewith a rotary joint about which the body of the pick is swingable upon insertion of its shank into the pocket. A screw clamp inside the pocket wedges the pick firmly in a position which in one embodiment is adjustable by the provision of a toothed and an indented surface of the rotary joint enabling selective interfitting. The pick may be further braced by one or more additional screws threaded into it and bearing upon other pocket walls.

Abstract: A process for the liquefaction of coal wherein raw feed coal is dissolved in recycle solvent with a slurry containing recycle coal minerals in the presence of added hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure. The highest boiling distillable dissolved liquid fraction is obtained from a vacuum distillation zone and is entirely recycled to extinction. Lower boiling distillable dissolved liquid is removed in vapor phase from the dissolver zone and passed without purification and essentially without reduction in pressure to a catalytic hydrogenation zone where it is converted to an essentially colorless liquid product boiling in the transportation fuel range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor for gasifying coal including a vortex burner. Helical ribs are arranged in the inner combustion gas supplying conduit of the burner to impart a spiral trajectory to the gas and also the coal-water suspension which suspension is supplied in the annular space between the inner conduit and an outer concentric conduit. Means may be provided for adjustably supporting the ribs inside the inner conduit. In addition, other rib supporting arrangements and also burner structure for supplying the coal-water slurry centrally are disclosed.

Abstract: In coal-gasification apparatus, slag particles received in free-fall by a water bath at the bottom of the reactor, or of a waste heat boiler associated therewith, are wetted with oil, or another additive agent. As a result they become bonded together. This prevents floating and facilitates sinking of the slag for removal from below the water bath. An annular duct having nozzles at different angles is used to spray the slag particles with oil near the surface of the water bath. The nozzles create a turbulence at the surface, thereby increasing the effect on the slag particles. A lock hopper fluidly communicates with the water bath right below, and collects the slag particles. The removed slag is classified before being used or recycled by feedback into the reactor together with coal dust, water and oxygen as components for the reactive process.

Abstract: An arrangement for floatation of solid particles from liquids such as from sewage, particularly for settling of coal from a conditioned pulp, has a conditioning device from which a pulp flows in a predetermined direction, gasifying device having a gasifying surface extending parallel to the pulp flow direction, and a separating device having a substantially upright conical container for foam formation, a level controlling element, and bubble generator composed of an elastic and porous synthetic plastic material.

Abstract: An improved method for pneumatic stowing of calcium alpha-sulphate hemihydrate, calcium beta-sulphate hemihydrate or mixtures thereof using natural anhydrite, limestone or mixtures thereof is disclosed. In addition, construction reinforcement compositions comprising said hemihydrates and natural anhydrite, limestone or mixtures thereof are taught.

Abstract: An improved process for utilizing the residues of a thermal energy power plant washer in which limestone or lime residue is converted to gypsum and the substrate is recrystallized to alpha sulfate hemihydrate and is treated with water. The improvement comprises mixing the alpha sulfate hemihydrate with at least one additive. The additive is selected from the group consisting of flue ash from a coal combustion installation, waste washings or local tailings from coal recuperation, granulate of ash from coal combustion, slag from steel production, clacium sulfate from exhaust gas washers, and calcium sulfate dehydrate from exhaust gas washers.