Abstract: A DNA fragment isolated from the DNA of T-even bacteriophage which suppresses the degradation of abnormal proteins in bacterial cells is disclosed. The DNA fragment can be isolated by treating the DNA of T-even bacteriophage with a restriction enzyme to cleave the DNA into fragments, at least one of said fragments consisting essentially of a sequence of nucleotide bases which code for protein that functions to suppress degradation of abnormal proteins in bacterial cells, inserting the DNA fragments into cloning vehicles, such as plasmids, to produce hybrid cloning vehicles, transforming bacterial cells by introducing the hybrid cloning vehicles therein, and selecting the transformants which exhibit suppressed protein degradation mechanisms. The DNA fragment can then be isolated from the selected transformants. The stabilizing DNA fragment can be introduced into bacterial host cells to increase the yield of foreign proteins expressed by cloned DNA.

Abstract: The yeast BAR1 structural gene is disclosed. The gene was cloned in E. coli and expressed in two different yeasts, Saccharomyces and Schizosaccharomyces.

Abstract: Quick-cooking pasta is made by (1) forming a dough comprising flour, water, a carbonate selected from the group consisting of edible alkali metal and ammonium carbonates, an acidic leavening salt and an interrupter, the dough having a bread dough-like consistency, (2) extruding the dough through an extrusion cooking device under conditions of pressure and temperature sufficient to permit reaction of the carbonate with the acidic leavening salt to produce carbon dioxide and sufficient to at least partially gelatinize the starch in the flour while forming the dough, and (3) drying the extruded formed pasta. A product is provided which will rehydrate within two minutes after addition of water at boiling temperature to provide a high quality cooked pasta.

Abstract: Quick-cooking pasta is made by (1) forming a dough comprising flour, water, a carbonate selected from the group consisting of edible alkali metal and ammonium carbonates, and an acidic leavening salt, the dough having a bread dough-like consistency, (2) extruding the dough through an extrusion cooking device under conditions of pressure and temperature sufficient to permit reaction of the carbonate with the acidic leavening salt to produce carbon dioxide and sufficient to at least partially gelatinize the starch in the flour while forming the dough, and (3) drying the extruded formed pasta. A product is provided which will rehydrate within two minutes after addition of water at boiling temperature to provide a high quality cooked pasta.

Abstract: Derivatives of amphoteric polyene macrolide antibiotics which carry, on the lactone ring, a carboxyl group and an amino sugar characterized by a primary amine group, consist of (a) the methyl, ethyl or propyl ester formed by esterification of the carboxyl group, and (b) salts of such polyene esters constituted as acid addition salts formed with the amine group. The derivatives (a) and (b) have effective antimicrobial activity, e.g. antifungal potency, comparable to the base antibiotics, and the acid salts (b), produced by suitable acids, e.g. hydrochlorides, can be made to have good water solubility which is normally unattainable with the base compounds and is of special advantage in a compound which retains strong activity. Other addition salts are also of value, for example to provide lipid-soluble forms of these antifungal polyenes.

Abstract: Antioxidant compositions, useful for preventing deterioration of oils and fats in food products, are prepared by a two-stage extraction from rosemary or sage. A crude product is first extracted from the plant material with a low-boiling solvent separable by evaporation, and is then found to be separable from contaminants that cause objectionable taste or odor, by vacuum steam or molecular distillation, with the antioxidant in a suitable oil carrier, and with the contaminants removed in vapor state. A special purification of the extract, for a product of very high purity except for some flavor or odor for which distillation may be needed, is attainable by chromatography, wherein the antioxidant material favors solvents of greater polarity than solvents in which other materials are eluted.

Abstract: Derivatives of amphoteric polyene macrolide antibiotics which carry, on the lactone ring, a carboxyl group and an amino sugar characterized by a primary amine group, consist of (a) the methyl, ethyl or propyl ester formed by esterification of the carboxyl group, and (b) salts of such polyene esters constituted as acid addition salts formed with the amine group. The derivatives (a) and (b) have effective antimicrobial activity, e.g. antifungal potency, comparable to the base antibiotics, and the acid salts (b), produced by suitable acids, e.g. hydrochlorides, can be made to have good water solubility which is normally unattainable with the base compounds and is of special advantage in a compound which retains strong activity. Other addition salts are also of value, for example to provide lipid-soluble forms of these antifungal polyenes.