Abstract: A vehicle-mounted system for removing hydrocarbon contaminants from the soil has an inclined rotary kiln which is rotated about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation, a burner assembly at the discharge end of the kiln and a hopper for loading soil into the inlet end to advance through the kiln and be directly heated by the burner assembly. The exhaust stream created in the kiln is drawn through a baghouse for removal of fines, then through the catalytic incinerator to burn any unburned constituents in the exhaust stream. The temperature of the exhaust stream is monitored prior to its passage into the incinerator and at the discharge end of the incinerator as well; and the concentration of hydrocarbon constituents in the exhaust stream is regulated either by introduction of air into the exhaust stream as it is discharged from the kiln or by recirculating a portion of the exhaust stream, after filtration, into the kiln.