Abstract: A strip of electrically insulating foil (15) is subdivided into successive foil parts (23) separated by folding lines (21) and folded against each other along the folding lines. Each foil part has on one of its major surfaces a conductor track (25) which forms a curved meander-like line extending in a number of pole-forming curves (33) connected by connection members (31). The conductor tracks (25) on the foil parts (23) are connected together by connection tracks (27). The curves (33) cooperate with the connection tracks (27) and the connection members (31) to form coils arranged in a circle. The winding is particularly suitable as a stator winding for a flat direct current motor.

Abstract: A high-frequency heating generator comprising a multi-grid electron tube 15 for use in industrial systems in the range of several kilowatts to a number of megawatts. In order to obtain an economic high-frequency generator, the electron tube 15 comprises at least two grids 152, 153; of which a first grid 153 is connected to a positive feedback circuit (15') of the oscillator circuit. A source of bias voltage may be supplied to the second grid 152. A low voltage control circuit (16) is connected to either the first (153) or second (152) grid, and the anode 151 is connected to a non-controlled d.c. power source (13, 14).

Abstract: A helical scan head drum assembly includes upper and lower drums having an aligned guide surface. The upper and lower drums can be easily separated from each other to install or replace a head support between the drums, and reassembled without loss of alignment of the circumferential guide surface. Each drum has three positioning elements formed in a wall portion, arranged such that the positioning elements of the two drums engage each other pairwise to form a statically defined alignment of the two drums. The fixing element presses the two drums together at the location of the positioning elements to fix them in place.

Abstract: Large flow-free crystals of KiTiOPO.sub.4 and the Rb, Tl, and As analogs are produced by preparing a melt of KtiOPO.sub.4 or its analog in a flux in which the ratio by weight of KTiOPO.sub.4 to the flux at the seeding temperature is equal to the saturation value of the KTiOPO.sub.4 in the flux, suspending a crytal of KTiOPO.sub.4 in the melt and then slowly decreasing the temperature of the melt while essentially spatially isothermal conditions are provided throughout the melt.

Abstract: A device is described for determining a centring error of a track-shaped information structure in an optical record carrier relative to an axis of rotation of a turntable. The device comprises at least one radiation source and at least one radiation-sensitive detection system with at least two detectors. The output signals of the detectors provide an indication of the direction in which the radiation from the radiation source which is diffracted in a first radial order b(-1) by the information structure. This in turn gives an indication of the position of the center of the track structure. This device enables optical record carriers without center hole to be used.

Abstract: A distance-measuring arrangement including transmission means for transmitting a wave in a measuring field, receiving means for receiving the wave reflected from a moving body moving in the measuring field and for producing a beat signal from the Doppler frequency. Delimiting means is provided for forming, in the measuring field, at least two datum lines (Ca and Cb) and processing means is provided for processing the distance information obtained from measuring the Doppler frequencies at the instants when the moving body crosses the datum lines. The delimiting means are formed from thermal detectors disposed in an optical assembly having at least two optical axes for defining the datum lines. A timing circuit is provided for defining the instants at which the moving body crosses the datum lines and for applying this information to the processing means.

Abstract: A time-locking method for stations which form part of a local star network in a multiplex data transmission system in which the exchanges between stations are organized in a single frame permitting the simultaneous writing and reading by way of transmission modules which are connected to the network via a coupler. The method has a first phase during which the forward/return propagation time is measured between each station and the coupler, a second phase during which the stations are synchronized with the master station, and a third phase duration in which the time position of each station is fixed in a time slot reserved for the locking of this station in the multiplex.

Abstract: A high-frequency heating generator, comprising an electron tube (B) for industrial systems ranging from several kilowatts to a number of megawatts. In similar systems employing an electron tube oscillator a substantial amount of power is dissipated in at least one control element (T) connected in the electron tube cathode circuit at power leads below the maximum power level of the apparatus. To obviate this drawback, an impedance circuit (Z.sub.K) is connected in parallel with the control element (T), which circuit dissipates part of the power to be dissipated in the cathode circuit.

Abstract: A data-processing apparatus having a processor, a read-write memory, a data bus, a program counter, a program memory and an instruction register. There is also a feedback finite-state machine possessing a multibit-wide output whose bits are determined in at least two successive machine cycles. This output is connected to a comparator which has its other input connected to the instruction register. A certain equality condition can invalidate the current instruction so that the latter acts as a rapidly performable dummy (NOP) instruction and a program jump can be performed. In a further expansion another multibit-wide output of the finite-state machine can be coupled to the data bus via a decoding circuit.

Abstract: In a computer tomography apparatus in accordance with the invention the advantages of the convolution calculation are combined with the advantages of recursive filtering. The processing unit for the measurement data includes a convolution filter which has only 64 convolution factors and which performs the central part of a convolution calculation (the number of measurement data amounts to, for example 512 or 1024) and a parallel-operating recursive filter which approximates the rests of the convolution calculation situated outside the central part by recursive filtering of the measurement data. Using five different multiplication factors and a corresonding number of attenuation factors, ample accuracy is achieved. By variable of only the 64 convolution factors, a large number of different filters can be realized, without it being necessary to change the factors for recursive filtering.

Abstract: A small domestic appliance is driven by means of a single-phase synchronous motor (2) whose drive shaft (5) drives a load (9), the work function being independent of the direction of rotation of the motor and the operating noise and vibrations produced by the motor being dependent on the direction of rotation of the motor. In the transmisson system a unidirectional blocking device (41) forces the rotor to start in the optimum direction of rotation. In particular, the single-phase synchronous motor (2) including its transmission path to the load (9) is constructed that the optimum operating noise is obtained in that direction of rotation in which the torque exerted on the rotor (3) by the stator current becomes zero before the magnetic detent torque has become zero, when the stator coils (4d) are not energized. This has led to a stable rest position.

Abstract: An SSB pulse modulator which attenuates unwanted even harmonics of the carrier frequency without expensive filtering. The modulator comprises two pairs of comparators (12, 14 and 16, 18), and the sine and cosine components of the carrier signal are modulating signal [a(t)] and the Hilbert transform [a(t)] thereof are applied to respective ones of the comparators. EX-OR gates (20, 22) multiply together the outputs of each pair of comparators (12, 14 and (16, 18), the multiplied outputs being combined with each other in a signal combining arrangement (24). Each pair of the comparators produces the unwanted even harmonics, which are then attenuated by subtraction from each other in the combining arrangement.

Abstract: A top-loading washing machine comprises a tub door formed in the top wall of the machine and pivotal between a vertical open position and a horizontal closed position. A longitudinally extending washing agent dispenser is provided in the tub door and has an aperture at one end for the introduction thereinto of either a liquid washing agent or a washing powder when the tub door is in its vertical position. A liquid compartment is positioned at the opposite end of the dispenser and is separated from an adjacent powder compartment by a partition, the partition being provided with openings for the passage into the liquid compartment of liquid washing agent introduced into the dispenser and being formed to retain washing powder introduced into the dispenser. An opening is located in the inner wall of the dispenser adjacent the washing agent introduction aperture for dispensing of washing powder or liquid washing agent into the washing machine tub when the tub door is in its horizontal position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a weighing element for a weighing apparatus, comprising an elongated plate-shaped ceramic bending element (1) provided with strain-gauge transducers, one end (2) of the bending element being secured to a frame (6) of the weighing element, the free other end being secured to a torque lead-in arm (10), said bending element being supported by the frame and by the arm at a distance a from said one end and said other end, respectively. In order to increase the accuracy of the weighing element it is proposed to make the frame and arm supports (8, 13) resilient in the longitudinal direction of the bending element.

Abstract: A TV image processing device includes a Kalman filtering estimation member (50) which provides for each image point "i" having coordinates Z.sub.i a displacement vector DK(Z.sub.i) based on information contained in two successive images I(Z.sub.i,t) and I(Z.sub.i,t-TR) separated by a period TR. It further includes a second estimation member (60) for providing for each point "i" a displacement vector DB(Z.sub.i), a quality measuring member (70) for evaluating the vectors DK(Z.sub.i) and DB(Z.sub.i) and for influencing a selector (80) for the vectors so as to select that one of the two vectors DB(Z.sub.i) and DK(Z.sub.i) which provides the best estimation quality for the output vector D(Z.sub.i). The Kalman filtering member has an input (90) for receiving the selected vector D(Z.sub.i).

Abstract: In a cathode ray display tube including a screen carried on a flat faceplate of an envelope and a channel plate electron multiplier arranged parallel to, and spaced from, the screen having an input side across which an electron beam is scanned and an output side from which a current multiplied beam is directed onto the screen, the multiplier is supported away from the screen by a spacing frame engaging with the periphery of its output side and is clamped against the frame by a pressure member having a plurality of resilient fingers spaced at intervals around the edges of the multiplier and engaging with the input side thereof. In this way, minor local surface profile variations of the multiplier are accomodated. The fingers serve also as contacts for the input side electrode of the multiplier.

Abstract: The headlight system has a pair of low beam and a pair of high beam lamps (1a, 1b; 2a, 2b) adapted to be mounted in the front part (3) of an automobile with one lamp of each pair to a respective side of the front part. The lamps each have a flattened concave reflector, a high-pressure discharge arc in a translucent envelope as a compact light source, and a substantially quadrangular lens. The ratio of width and height of the lens is larger than 3 and the height is smaller than 6 cm. The low-beam lamps produce a beam of uniform brightness, large width and length and sharp light darkness transitions, as a result of which the risk of dazzling is small despite a large viewing distance.

Abstract: A unique and novel goniometer is set forth to orient a sample in an X-ray beam, for example, to better than 0.001.degree. without introducing translation. This structure is infinitely adjustable and stable.

Abstract: This device comprises a high-frequency signal generator (5) fitted with a modulation control input (10) to supply said pulses at its output in relation to a modulation signal applied to its modulation input and a modulation generator (15) to provide the modulation input with the modulation signal. This device also includes a replica circuit (18) to supply a replica of the pulse transmitted, a management circuit (25) to compare this replica wtih said pattern and to alter the modulation signal from the modulation generator so that the pattern complies with the replica.

Abstract: A navigation system for a road vehicle comprises a route-determining unit and position-locating means. The route-determining unit works together with a mass memory which stores geographic data of a road network. The route-determining unit determines a driving route between a starting point and a destination supplied by the driver of the vehicle. The position-locating devices determine the vehicle position coordinates recurrently from the speed and acceleration of the moving vehicle provided by a measuring unit. A correction unit derives a correction vector for correcting the generated vehicle position coordinates. The correction vector is determined by performing a transposition of the generated vehicle position coordinates to an actual road position as repeated by coordinates of the road network stored in the mass memory. An acceleration operator is derived from the measured speed and lateral acceleration and from the generated vehicle position coordinates.