Abstract: Articles of footwear including footbed membranes and rigid or semi-rigid frames may be configured to suspend and support a wearer's foot during all stages of the gait cycle. Footbed membranes may be configured to suspend the wearer's foot with nothing underneath the footbed membrane, maintaining a gap between the footbed membrane and the frame during the entire gait cycle. Footbed membranes may be formed of elastomeric materials having less than a threshold percentage of elongation in response to loading, to maintain suspension of the wearer's foot. The outsole, frame, and footbed membrane may be integrated such that the components work together to support the wearer's foot during the gait cycle and in static conditions as well. Methods of making such articles of footwear may include sewing the footwear upper to the footbed membrane via a sew wall, without cementing the upper.