Abstract: Provided is an indicator that can easily detect whether treatment with at least one member of plasma, ozone, ultraviolet rays, and radical-containing gas is uniformly performed on an entire substrate in an electronic device manufacturing apparatus; also provided is a method for designing and/or managing an electronic device manufacturing apparatus using the indicator. The indicator is used in an electronic device manufacturing apparatus, wherein (1) the indicator detects at least one member selected from the group consisting of plasma, ozone, ultraviolet rays, and radical-containing gas, (2) the indicator has a shape that is the same as that of a substrate used in the electronic device manufacturing apparatus, (3) the indicator contains a color-changing layer, and (4) the color-changing layer is formed by an ink composition whose color changes or disappears by reaction with at least one member selected from the group consisting of plasma, ozone, ultraviolet rays, and radical-containing gas.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided for detecting plasma treatment, the composition containing a colorant and a nonionic surfactant, wherein (1) the colorant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of anthraquinone colorants, methine colorants, azo colorants, and phthalocyanine colorants; and (2) the nonionic surfactant is at least one of the surfactants represented by formulae (I) to (V): (wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; X is oxygen or an ester bond; AO is a repeating unit derived from an alkylene oxide; n is an integer of 1 to 200; the sum of a, b, and c is an integer of 3 to 200; and the sum of p and q is an integer of 0 to 20).

Abstract: An oil-based pigment ink composition contains titanium dioxide pigment, mica pigment, dispersant, oil-soluble resin, and organic solvent, whose viscosity at a shear velocity of 76 (l/s) is 50 mPa-s or lower. The ink composition produces writing with sufficient covering property and legibility, does not form hard cakes, and can release ink in a stable manner from the tip of a writing tool.

Abstract: A primary object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen peroxide gas detection indicator which allows more certain visual recognition of color changing according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide gas. The structure of this invention relates to an ink composition for detecting hydrogen peroxide gas containing (1) at least one of styrene acrylic resins and styrene-maleic acid resins and (2) a methine dye. According to this invention, a color-changing layer is formed using the ink composition for detecting hydrogen peroxide gas, allowing color changing according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide gas to be visually recognized.

Abstract: An indicator for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. It undergoes a color change according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and this color change can be visually recognized with higher certainty. An ink composition for hydrogen peroxide detection is provided which comprises 1) at least one of styrene-acrylic resins and styrene-maleic acid resins and 2) a methine dye. A color change layer formed from the ink composition for hydrogen peroxide detection produces an effect that a color change according to, e.g., the concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be visually recognized.

Abstract: A water-based ink composition for glass and ceramic surfaces contains an acrylic silicone resin emulsion, pigment, dispersant, and water-based solvent. The water-based ink composition may further contain a thixotropic agent and/or resin beads. The ink composition allows writing made with it to sufficiently demonstrate excellent water resistance, hot water resistance, and scratch resistance even on glass and ceramic surfaces, and to remain sufficiently legible even after the glass products or ceramics are cleaned repeatedly.

Abstract: The present invention provides fine electret particles comprising, at least in the surface portion of the particles, an electret resin and a polymeric dispersant, the electret resin being a fluorine-containing resin and being electretized by electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment. The fine electret particles are uniformly electrified, and well dispersed in an electrophoretic medium, while exhibiting excellent electrophoretic properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a plastic eraser comprising a vinyl chloride resin as a base resin and a combination of 4,5-epoxy-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) and diethylene glycol dibenzoate as plasticizers, wherein the plastic eraser comprises the base resin in an amount of 25-60% by weight, and the combination of plasticizers in an amount of 30-60% by weight, and wherein the proportion of the diethylene glycol dibenzoate in the combination of plasticizers is 5-60% by weight, and wherein the plastic eraser has a hardness in the range of 55-75, and a gel hardness in the range of 3.0-6.0 kgf.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing electret fine particles or coarse powder that can be uniformly electrified and exhibits excellent electrophoretic properties. Specifically, the present invention relates to the production processes (1) and (2) below: (1) A process for producing electret fine particles, comprising emulsifying a fluorine-containing material that contains a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer in a liquid that is incompatible with the fluorine-containing material to obtain emulsified particles; and subjecting the emulsified particles to electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing electret fine particles or coarse powder that can be uniformly electrified and exhibits excellent electrophoretic properties. Specifically, the present invention relates to the production processes (1) and (2) below: (1) A process for producing electret fine particles, comprising emulsifying a fluorine-containing material that contains a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer in a liquid that is incompatible with the fluorine-containing material to obtain emulsified particles; and subjecting the emulsified particles to electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing electret fine particles or coarse powder that can be uniformly electrified and exhibits excellent electrophoretic properties. Specifically, the present invention relates to the production processes (1) and (2) below: (1) A process for producing electret fine particles, comprising emulsifying a fluorine-containing material that contains a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer in a liquid that is incompatible with the fluorine-containing material to obtain emulsified particles; and subjecting the emulsified particles to electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides uniformly electrified electret fine particles having excellent electrophoretic properties. Specifically, the present invention provides a core-shell electret fine particle comprising a core part and a shell part, the core part containing a material that has an ability to disperse a pigment therein, the shell part containing an electret resin, and the electret resin being a fluorine-containing resin and being electretized by electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: The invention provides a plastic eraser comprising a vinyl chloride resin as a base resin and a combination of 4,5-epoxy-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) and diethylene glycol dibenzoate as plasticizers, wherein the plastic eraser comprises the base resin in an amount of 25-60% by weight, and the combination of plasticizers in an amount of 30-60% by weight, and wherein the proportion of the diethylene glycol dibenzoate in the combination of plasticizers is 5-60% by weight, and wherein the plastic eraser has a hardness in the range of 55-75, and a gel hardness in the range of 3.0-6.0 kgf.

Abstract: It is an aim to provide a tip unit for a liquid applicator and a liquid applicator that make written (applied) lines to change in thickness and give excellent durability. A tip unit used for a liquid applicator includes a ball house having an opening at its distal end and an introduction channel for application liquid in communication with the ball house, wherein the ball house holds therein at least two balls having a leading ball and an adjacent ball next to the leading ball, the balls being serially lined in an axial direction of the tip unit, the leading ball being partly exposed outside from the opening, and the leading ball being softer than the adjacent ball.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophoretic display device that can be more easily produced. The electrophoretic display device with pixels comprises a substrate, a plurality of pixel electrode units formed for each pixel on the substrate, a voltage applying means for applying a voltage to each pixel electrode unit, and a charged particle-containing chamber containing colored charged particles and disposed so as to extend across the plurality of pixel electrode units; each of the pixel electrode units having a first electrode disposed in the center of a pixel, and a second electrode disposed on the peripheral edge of the pixel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing electret fine particles or coarse powder that can be uniformly electrified and exhibits excellent electrophoretic properties. Specifically, the present invention relates to the production processes (1) and (2) below: (1) A process for producing electret fine particles, comprising emulsifying a fluorine-containing material that contains a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer in a liquid that is incompatible with the fluorine-containing material to obtain emulsified particles; and subjecting the emulsified particles to electron ray irradiation, radial ray irradiation, or corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophoretic display device that can display high-precision color images. The electrophoretic display device comprises a plurality of display units each displaying a single pixel, first electrodes, and second electrodes; the display units being arranged in a matrix form and each having at least three-layered cells that contain charged particles, each of the first electrodes being provided on the upper or lower surface of each cell, each of the second electrodes being provided on the side edge of each cell, and the charged particles being colored with different colors for every cell in each display unit.

Abstract: The subject invention provides electret coarse powder useful as electrophoretic particles for a large-screen display. The electret coarse powder is obtained by irradiating a fluorine-containing resin sheet with an electron beam or a radial ray to convert the fluorine-containing resin sheet into an electret sheet, and pulverizing the electret sheet.