Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a molten film of metal, in particular a steel film, more uniform by strip casting, in which the molten material which is applied to a revolving belt is to have a thickness and properties which are as uniform as possible across the width of the film. To make the film more uniform over its width, forces are introduced into the metal film with a component which is directed oppositely to the direction in which the film is conveyed, which forces make the profile of the molten film of metal more uniform.

Abstract: The production of a cold-rolled strip or sheet of steel with good deforming properties, which is subjected to recrystallizing annealing and, if appropriate, a dressing operation after hot rolling, coiling and cold rolling and has a bake-hardening potential after a subsequent deformation and for a subsequent temperature treatment, succeeds because the recrystallizing annealing is carried out in a bell-type furnace while coiled and because the strip or sheet is subjected to cooling at a cooling rate of ≧1° C./s after the recrystallizing annealing from a temperature T of 200° C.≦T≦A1. It is consequently possible to obtain properties of bell-annealed steels and nevertheless attain a bake-hardening effect, in particular for C contents of ≧0.02%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for homogenizing a molten metal film, more particularly a steel film, by means of thin strip casting. According to the invention, the melt applied to a rotating strip is of a similar thickness to and possesses the same qualities wherever possible as the width of the strip. In order to homogenize the width of the strip, forces possessing a component perpendicular to the direction of conveyance of the strip are introduced, whereby homogenization of the profile of the molten metal film occurs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for making a molten film of metal, steel, in particular a steel film, more uniform, by strip casting, in which the molten material which is applied to a revolving belt is to have a thickness and properties which are as uniform as possible across the width of the strip. To make the strip more uniform over its width, forces are introduced into the metal film with a component which is perpendicular to the direction in which the strip is conveyed, which forces make the profile of the molten film of metal more uniform.

Abstract: A method and an installation for the endless production of hot-rolled, flat products from thin cast strip. The installation includes a casting machine for producing cast strip, a device for cooling the cast strip under inert gas, a single-stand roughing train, a multi-stand finishing train, a device for cooling, heating or maintaining the temperature of the hot-rolled strip, according to choice, between the roughing train and the finishing train, shears for separating the hot-rolled strip from coil to coil, a delivery roller table with devices for cooling the hot-rolled strip and with coiling machines arranged downstream of the finishing train for coiling up the finished strip.

Abstract: In order to produce sheet possessing good forming properties, in particular for rotationally symmetrical deep-drawings, a low-carbon steel containing not more that 0.009% N is alloyed with 0.01 to 0.94% Ti and in certain cases with 0.01 to 0.06% Nb and continuously cast. The plate slabs are heated to a temperature above 1120 degrees Celsius, rolled to obtain a hot strip above the Ar.sub.3 point, and would at 520.+-.100 degrees Celsius. After cold rolling to the desired fine sheet thickness, the steel strip is annealed by recrystallizaiton, skin-passes and made into sheets.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning refractory-lined conveyor troughs for conveying molten metals and slags has a rail-guided carriage that extends across the trough and travels along the length of the trough, with a cleaning head supported by the carriage. Two wheels on the carriage travel along a guide rail on one side of the trough while a non-powered idler roller on the carraige travels along the other side. Lateral, opposed, rotatable guide rollers are provided on each side of the guide rail adjacent each wheel. Metal plates are situated in the floor beneath the guide rail, while small plates and/or shims are provided to compensate for irregularities between the guide rail and the metal plates.

Abstract: A process and apparatus to clean refractory-lined conveyor troughs for molten metals and slags by means of chains on a rotating drum. A motor is used to drive the drum, whose current consumption and/or speed are variable as a function of the load. Variation from a specified setpoint is used to cause a displacement of the rotating drum transverse to the conveyor trough, to achieve optimal cleaning of the trough wall, which is only effected with the desired distance between wall and drum and a load on the motor corresponding to this distance. The direction of rotation of the drum is reversible, so that when the two sides of the conveyor trough are cleaned, the material removed is thrown in the same direction, preferably towards a suction exhaust.

Abstract: In the fabrication of H-piles, I-beams, channels, tees, angles, double-tee structural shapes and similar rolling stock, a first structural shape segment or web is joined to at least one second structural shape segment or flange which may be bent outwardly. After the edging passes, during finishing, the flange or flanges are bent inwardly when the shape or stock is subjected to a final bending pass. A new bending method uses the principle of a three-roll bending process. An alternative bending solution includes a bending process with backup rolls for the first structural shape segment or web which do not touch the inner surfaces of the flanges or second structural shape segments.

Abstract: Modern D.C.-tractioned trains and track circuit signal systems as well as high load trains need a special track construction. A new concrete cross sleeper system is provided for high load and high velocity tracks as well as for urban rapid transit systems comprising rails and sleepers having center part, connected to bar shaped ends and having reinforcing means.On the bar shaped ends two rail seats for each rail are positioned having elastic, electrically non-conducting plastic pads. The rails are fastened onto the rail seat by special tension means clamping the foot of the rail and fixed into plugs in the sleepers. This feature allows a triple point fixing of the rail at each sleeper end. Tracks on asphalt pavement may be secured by anchor device of the general type as sold under the trademark NELSON.The new track construction decreases the intermittent load of the rail/sleeper system and avoids trouble in track circuit signal systems existing in normally used prestressed concrete sleepers (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A railway switch is mounted on y-shaped sleepers. All sleepers in the switch have a medium portion of equal slightly s-shaped configuration and length. The length of the straight and parallel ends depends on the position of the individual sleeper in the switch. The sleepers extend alternately from one outer rail in the direction to the other outer rail. The crossing piece is supported by y-shaped sleepers which underlie only the crossing piece and alternately one of the outer rails in the switch. If the switch comprises a straight and a curved line, all sleepers supporting the outer straight rail are arranged at a right angle to the straight line and protrude outwardly over the straight rail in the same length. Preferably the sleepers are composed of two s-shaped I-beam steel profiles and additional shorter I-beam steel profiles at the bifurcated straight ends, all pairs of adjacent I-beams being connected at a distance forming a slit for inserting a coach screw.

Abstract: A storage structure for storing radioactive materials. It includes tubular storage members provided near the bottom thereof with a plurality of horizontal bolts the longitudinal axes of which intersect at a common point of said axes. A plurality of support plates for said tubular member is provided at the lower end thereof. Each support plate is adapted to support one of said plurality of bolts and each support plate includes an upstanding portion. Said upstanding portion of each of said plurality of support plates is provided with an open recess including an upper relatively wide slanting entrance adapted for insertion of one of said plurality of bolts and a lower bolt-bearing surface coaxial with one of said plurality of bolts. One support plate may have several upstanding portions of which each has a recess for the insertion and the support of a bolt projecting from a different tube for storing radioactive materials.

Abstract: A lifting device for lifting and transporting nuclear fuel elements. This device comprises a mast-like support on the lower end of which automatically operated and locked gripping pawls are provided. The support has a considerable height and may be referred to as lifting mast. The gripping pawls and their operating mechanism are referred to as gripping-head. The gripping-head and the lifting mast are telescopically movable relative to each other. To this end guide rods and compression springs are interposed between the lower end of the lifting mast and the gripping-head. The gripping-head comprises two concentric annular members which are relatively movable or rotatable about their common geometrical axis. One of the annular members supports the gripping pawls pivotable in radial vertical planes. The gripping pawls are T-shaped. One of their transverse ends is adapted to engage the fuel rods, and the other of their transverse ends is adapted to engage curved grooves in the other annular member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analyzing the solid matter content of a hydraulically conveyed stream in a conveyor pipeline to be monitored and controlled, comprising, taking of a representative sample of the material in the pipeline across the diameter of the pipeline, separating the solid matter particles in the sample and increasing the liquid proportion in the sample, depositing the separated particles on a filter surface, analyzing the distribution of size and shape of the particles on the filter and adjusting the conveyor accordingly to control a feed pressure in the pipeline and a liquid content of material in the pipeline. The analyzing step is performed by a microscope and a television camera which converts an optical image from the microscope into a signal readable by a computer which, in turn, through a microprocessor, controls a feed pump and liquid input valve.

Abstract: A method is provided for production of steel in a basic converter employing liquid converter slag obtained as a final slag in the previous run, where roughly half of the slag from the preceding charge is left in the converter. The basicity of the initial slag is thus considerably increased and the slag is maintained preferably over the total converting process, but at least during the critical initial stage at the saturation level with respect to magnesium oxide and dicalcium orthosilicate. At a certain level of silicon content in the pig iron the process is operated with a predetermined slag amount for each ton of steel at the end of the blowing by adding to the initial melt or respectively at the beginning of blowing a certain amount of magnesium oxide expending on the silicon content of the pig iron together with the flux charge materials. This process considerably improves the lifetime of the converter lining.

Abstract: An improved method for the manufacture of hot strips or heavy plates from a denitrated steel composed of 0.04 to 0.16% carbon, 1.25 to 1.90% manganese, 0.2 to 0.55% silicon, 0.004 to 0.020% phosphorus, 0.002 to 0.015% sulfur, 0.02 to 0.08% aluminum, 0.02 to 0.08% niobium, the remainder iron and possibly contaminants, including the steps of having the hot strips or plates leaving the last finishing stand of rolls at a temperature of 750.degree. C. to 820.degree. C., cooling the hot strips or plates to an intermediates temperature of 450.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. at a cooling rate of 2.degree. to 10.degree. C./s and then slowly cooling the hot strips or plates in air to room temperature in a coil or in a pile.

Abstract: A combination for feeding welding powder from a welding tractor for arc welding over a vertical to horizontal curved surface includes a pivotable powder vessel and a mechanism for maintaining the vessel in a vertical position.

Abstract: A ceramic burner for the combustion chamber of air heaters and the like has a mixing body composed of layers of shaped ceramic bricks, the shaped bricks adjoin each other with radial flanks and engage and mutually interlock with one another by knobs or protuberances and corresponding recesses. The layers of shaped bricks are held together vertically by a ceramic bolding bar. In assembly, the mixing body has a mushroom shape wherein the upper layer shaped bricks have a larger radius than the lower layers.

Abstract: A lance head for a refining lance, comprising, a lance head bottom member, a plurality of expanding nozzles connected to the bottom member, a supply line associated with the bottom member for supplying coolant thereto, a return line associated with the supply line for channeling coolant away from the bottom member and a flow guide member connected between the supply line and the return line. The flow guide member extends across the plurality of expanding nozzles and includes a surface facing the bottom member defining a coolant passage therewith. The flow guide member surface is concave in the area of the nozzles so that the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is constant as coolant flows past the nozzles. The edge of the flow guide member surface extends beyond the nozzles and at an oblique angle to a central portion of the bottom member between the nozzles.

Abstract: A system for gathering solids disposed on the ocean floor by dragging a collecting apparatus along the ocean floor so as to deposit the solids in an extended pile, the collecting apparatus having a relatively large inlet opening and a relatively small exit opening. The solids are brought to the surface by conveying apparatus that draws the solids from the pile and drives them up to the surface, the conveying apparatus being independent of the collecting apparatus.