Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide-inorganic composite material including: a polyamic acid represented by Chemical Formula 1, a polyimide represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof; an inorganic particle precursor; and water, wherein the polyamic acid, the polyimide, or the combination thereof is a reaction product of a dicarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine, wherein the mole ratio of the diamine to the dicarboxylic acid anhydride is greater than 0.93 and less than 0.95, and wherein the inorganic particle precursor is included in an amount to provide an inorganic particle in an amount of greater than or equal to about 30 weight % and less than or equal to about 60 weight % based the total weight of the polyimide-inorganic composite material prepared: wherein in Chemical Formulae 1 and 2, groups and variable are the same as defined in the specification.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other a photoelectric conversion layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and a buffer layer between the photoelectric conversion layer and the second electrode. The buffer layer includes a nitride. The nitride includes one of silicon nitride (SiNx, 0<x<1), silicon oxynitride (SiOyNz, 0<y<0.5, 0<z<1), and a combination thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for mapping user data into a selective underlying exposure address (SUE) space includes a memory that stores machine instructions and a processor that executes the instructions to combine first user data from a plurality of logically-addressed blocks to create a SUE page. The SUE page corresponds to a respective physical page of a respective physical block on each of a plurality of dies for which corresponding physical blocks of memory cells are jointly managed as a unit in a storage device. The processor further executes the instructions to store mapping information associating the first user data with the SUE page in a logical address space in the storage device.

Abstract: Encoding and decoding methods are provided. An information object is encoded according to a preset encoding scheme. A preset set of bits is selected from the encoded information object and the selected set of bits is output as a sample. A control packet including information on a sample number is generated. The sample is assembled with the control packet. The sample is modulated into a sound signal according to a preset scheme. An input sound signal is demodulated according to the preset scheme. Sample bits and control packet bits containing information of the sample are separated from each other in demodulated received bits. Address information corresponding to each bit of the sample is generated according to the control packet. A soft decision of the sample bits is summed for each piece of the generated address information. A sample decoding of the summed soft decision of the sample bits is performed.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter includes a sample hold circuit configured to receive an analog input signal based on an operating mode, the operating mode being one of at least two modes including a sample mode and a hold mode. The sample hold circuit includes a first transistor including a control terminal and a first terminal, the first transistor configured to receive a control signal via the control terminal and receive the analog input signal via the first terminal. The analog-to-digital converter further includes a bootstrap switch operationally connected to the control terminal and the first terminal of the first transistor, the bootstrap switch configured to form a first current path from a power source based on the analog input signal and a boosted voltage of the control terminal of the first transistor in the sample mode, the control terminal bing along the first current path in the sample mode.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display unit configured to display a screen; a bezel formed along a boundary of the display unit and configured to output light; and a control unit configured to control lighting of the bezel, wherein the control unit is further configured to control a lighting area of the bezel to provide visual feedback corresponding to a status of the display apparatus to a user.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes providing pre-conductive lines and post-conductive lines for forming a first logic cell and a second logic cell, which are adjacent to each other, and a dummy cell and a third logic cell, which are adjacent to each other. A first conductive line, adjacent to the second logic cell, from among conductive lines of the first logic cell is spaced a first reference distance apart from a second conductive line, adjacent to the first logic cell, from among conductive lines of the second logic cell. A dummy line, which is adjacent to the third logic cell, from among conductive lines of the dummy cell is spaced a second reference distance apart from a third conductive line, which is adjacent to the dummy cell, from among conductive lines of the third logic cell. The second reference distance is greater than the first reference distance.

Abstract: A graphene electronic device includes a gate insulating layer on a conductive substrate, a channel layer on the gate insulating layer, and a source electrode on one end of the channel layer and a drain electrode on another end of the channel layer. The channel layer includes a semiconductor layer and a graphene layer in direct contact with the semiconductor layer, and the graphene layer includes a plurality of graphene islands spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a conjugate of a metal nanoparticle including a magnetic core and at least one light emitting material linked to the metal nanoparticle through a linker, wherein the linker has an affinity for a biological material and has changed structure after contacting a biological material, a biosensor including the conjugate, and a method of measuring a concentration of specific biological material in a biological sample using the conjugate or the biosensor.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include a socket interposer having a first plurality of connectors, at least one of on-board memory socket and a memory. The first plurality of connectors is configured to fit with a first form factor of a memory socket on a server board. The at least one on-board memory socket includes at least a second plurality of connectors and has a second form factor configured for a memory module having a first memory type. The memory has a second memory type different from the first memory type of the memory module.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments for self-aligning a sensor array with respect to blood vessel of a user comprise: determining an optimal sensor in a sensor array comprising an array of discrete sensors arranged on a band such that the sensor array straddles or otherwise addresses a blood vessel or other targeted area of a user by activating each of the discrete sensors to generate respective signals; designating as the optimal discrete sensor a particular discrete sensor producing a highest signal-to-noise ratio; and using the optimal sensor to collect physiological data of the user.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments for reconfiguring a storage system comprise a modular sensor platform, comprising: a base module comprising, a display, a processor, a memory and a communication interface; a band removably coupled to the base module such that the band is replaceable with different types of bands; and a sensor module that collects data from a user, the sensor module in communication with the base module and removably coupled to the band such that the sensor module is replaceable with different types of sensor modules, the sensor module further comprising a plurality of sensor units that are removably coupled to the sensor module such that individual sensor units are replaceable with different types of sensor units.

Abstract: Provided are methods and a validation system that includes a signature device and a verification device for verifying a content. The signature device may generate verification information for each segment of a divided content and may generate signature information to verify the integrity of each segment and whether a corresponding segment is a part of a content. When a segment is received, the verification device may verify integrity of the segment and whether the segment is a part of the content, based on the verification information and the signature value received from the signature device.

Abstract: A signal transfer apparatus including an antenna unit is provided. A signal transfer apparatus includes a housing, an interface provided at a housing to be connected to an external device to transmit a signal to or receive a signal from the external device, an external case configured to cover the housing, an antenna unit configured to be a slot antenna, and a communication module which is connected to the slot antenna and transmits a signal to or receives a signal from an external wireless device through the slot antenna, a controller provided in the housing to be electrically connected to the interface and the antenna unit, and transmit an external signal received through the interface or the antenna unit directly to a display apparatus or convert the external signal and transmit the converted signal to the display apparatus.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include a memory module including a plurality of connectors, at least one memory, at least one transmitter and at least one receiver. The connectors are configured to fit with a form factor of a memory socket on a server board. The memory is coupled with the connectors. The transmitter(s) are coupled with the memory. The transmitter(s) are configured to send a first plurality of signals from the memory module such that the first plurality of signals bypass the connectors. The receiver(s) are coupled with the memory. The receiver(s) are configured to receive a second plurality of signals to the memory module such that the second plurality of signals bypass the plurality of connectors.

Abstract: A portable computing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present general inventive concept includes a first device, and a second device having a coupling groove where the first device is detechably coupled, where the first device has a first coupling position where a first end of the first device is coupled with the coupling groove by a first connection angle, and a second coupling position where a second end of the first device is coupled with a second connection angle different from the first connection angle.

Abstract: An apparatus is capable of sharing information through a presence service in a communication network and capable of providing presence information of a Mobile Station (MS). The apparatus extracts at least one of application information and contents indication information from an application in execution. Presence information is generated that includes at least one of the application information and the contents indication information, and transmitting the presence information to a presence server.

Abstract: Provided is a condensing lens condensing a light from a light source, and a lighting device equipped with the condensing lens. The condensing lens may enable a light to be selectively incident upon a plurality of first incident portions based on an emission angle, may totally-reflect, using a second incident portion, the light refracted by the plurality of first incident portions, and may refract the totally-reflected light using a third incident portion.

Abstract: A micro-device for disrupting cells includes a first chamber in which the cells are disrupted, a second chamber which is pressurized and depressurized, a flexible membrane which separates the first chamber and the second chamber and is vibrated by pressuring and depressurizing the second chamber, and a micro-unit confined in the first chamber, where the micro-unit disrupts the cells in the first chamber

Abstract: A polishing head of a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a housing moving up and down, a base assembly connected to a bottom of the housing to support the housing, a membrane on a bottom of the base assembly and a retainer ring surrounding the membrane and connected to the bottom of the base assembly, the membrane including a pressing portion to adsorb and press a substrate, a first partition on the pressing portion and extending from an edge of the pressing portion along a height direction, a first horizontal extending portion extending from an upper end portion of the first partition toward a center of the membrane, and a second horizontal extending portion from the upper end portion of the first partition toward the center of the membrane, the second horizontal extending portion being above the first horizontal extending portion and including a curved portion expanding by pneumatic pressure.