Abstract: Methods of fabricating a memory device are provided. The methods may include forming a mask pattern including line-shaped portions that are parallel to each other and extend on a first region of a substrate. The mask pattern may extend on a second region of the substrate. The methods may also include forming word line regions in the first region using the mask pattern as a mask, forming word lines in the word line regions, respectively, and removing the mask pattern from the second region to expose the second region. The mask pattern may remain on the first region after removing the mask pattern from the second region. The methods may further include forming a channel epitaxial layer on the second region while using the mask pattern as a barrier to growth of the channel epitaxial layer on the first region.

Abstract: A context-based arithmetic encoding apparatus and method and a context-based arithmetic decoding apparatus and method are provided. The context-based arithmetic decoding apparatus may determine a context of a current N-tuple to be decoded, determine a Most Significant Bit (MSB) context corresponding to an MSB symbol of the current N-tuple, and determine a probability model using the context of the N-tuple and the MSB context. Subsequently, the context-based arithmetic decoding apparatus may perform a decoding on an MSB based on the determined probability model, and perform a decoding on a Least Significant Bit (LSB) based on a bit depth of the LSB derived from a process of decoding on an escape code.

Abstract: A method for receiving profile information by a terminal in a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure to solve the above-described problem comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a predetermined server, a first request message including an identifier related to the terminal and information related to a standby server; transmitting, to the standby server, a second request message including identifier information related to the terminal; and receiving, from the standby server, a first response message including server information for profile reception. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to effectively carry out an opening of an eUICC terminal and a device change, and flexibly manage a transfer server for profile download. In addition, it is possible to flexibly install and manage a communication provider's remote installation of a profile in the eUICC terminal.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, mask patterns are formed on a semiconductor substrate. An organic layer is formed on the semiconductor substrate to cover the mask patterns. An upper portion of the organic layer is planarized using a polishing composition. The polishing composition includes an oxidizing agent and is devoid of abrasive particles.

Abstract: A biomarker Hsp90 for predicting an efficacy of a c-Met inhibitor, selecting a subject for application of a c-Met inhibitor, or monitoring an efficacy of a c-Met inhibitor, and a relevant method of using Hsp90.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active pattern protruding from a substrate, gate structures crossing over the active pattern, gate spacers on sidewalls of the gate structures, a source/drain region in the active pattern between the gate structures, and a source/drain contact on and connected to the source/drain region. The source/drain contact includes a first portion between the gate structures and being in contact with the gate spacers, a second portion on the first portion and not being in contact with the gate spacers, and a third portion on the second portion. A first boundary between the second and third portions is at the substantially same height as a top surface of the gate structure.

Abstract: A terminal device is provided. The terminal device includes a communication interface unit configured to receive image data of an application installed in another terminal device that is streamed from the another terminal device, a display unit configured to display the image data, a control unit configured to receive an installation file associated with the application through the communication interface unit while the image data is being displayed, and to execute the received installation file when authentication of the installation file is completed, and a storage unit configured to allow the application to be installed therein according to execution of the installation file.

Abstract: A horizontal nanosheet field effect transistor (hNS FET) including source and drain electrodes, a gate electrode between the source and drain electrodes, a first spacer separating the source electrode from the gate electrode, a second spacer separating the drain electrode from the gate electrode, and a channel region under the gate electrode and extending between the source electrode and the drain electrode. The source electrode and the drain electrode each include an extension region. The extension region of the source electrode is under at least a portion of the first spacer and the extension region of the drain electrode is under at least a portion of the second spacer. The hNS FET also includes at least one layer of crystalline barrier material having a first thickness at the extension regions of the source and drain electrodes and a second thickness less than the first thickness at the channel region.

Abstract: A headset includes a first speaker; a second speaker; a connector connecting the first speaker and the second speaker; and a switch configured to generate different electrical signals according to states in which the first speaker and the second speaker move close to and away from each other, wherein the electrical signals are used to selectively control an output of contents that is being output from the headset.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner including a wheel, a driving motor configured to provide the wheel with a driving force, and a clutch configured to connect transfer gears to the wheel or to cancel a connection between the transfer gears and the wheel. A body of the vacuum cleaner is able to actively travel because of the transfer gears are connected to the wheel when power is applied to the driving motor and the wheel smoothly rotates without having a detent torque of the driving motor when power is not applied to the driving motor. The wheel is provided with an internal gear, and one of the transfer gears is configured to transfer the driving force of the driving motor by making contact with the internal gear.

Abstract: A printed circuit board (PCB) having an improved waterproof structure for preventing corrosion of a substrate is disclosed. A plurality of screen-printed protrusions is provided at the PCB surface. The plurality of protrusions allow water to be formed in waterdrops so that the waterdrops can flow to the outside of the PCB. The PCB is arranged to have a tilted structure for facilitating discharge of the water. The tilted structure discharges waterdrops to a lower side of the PCB. The PCB and a PCB assembly having the same are applicable to electronic appliances such as a washing machine.

Abstract: A method for controlling an uplink (UL) power in a multi-subframe scheduling system is provided. The method includes receiving by a User Equipment (UE), a multi-subframe uplink (UL) scheduling instruction or Physical Downlink Control Channel CHannel (PDCCH) data of a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format 3/3 A of the UE, in a Downlink (DL) subframe where the multi-subframe UL scheduling instruction is transmitted, wherein the multi-subframe UL scheduling instruction or the PDCCH data with DCI format 3/3 A comprises a power controlling command of the PUSCH and determining, by the UE, a transmitting power of the PUSCH of each UL subframe, which is scheduled by the multi-subframe UL scheduling instruction, based on a power controlling command value, and transmitting corresponding PUSCH data based on the transmitting power calculated.

Abstract: A chemical compound is provided having a structure that includes at least one donor moiety covalently bonded to at least one acceptor moiety. For example, the compound may include an indolocarbazole moiety covalently bonded to at least one furylpyridine moiety. The compound may exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence and an accompanying ?EST of no greater than about 0.25 eV. The compound finds use in OLED display technology.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically registering and executing a preferred function in a mobile communication terminal. The method includes registering a function and a configuration value and use character string/numeral string value for the function, to a one-touch execution object. The method also includes, when a one-touch input for the one-touch execution object is sensed, executing the function registered to the one-touch execution object, by the configuration value and use character string/numeral string value registered to the one-touch execution object.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for modulating data including a controller. The controller is configured to determine sizes of a first complex-number component and a second complex-number component of input data, and determine a cell to assign a sine wave to the input data, based on a difference between the sizes of the first complex-number component and the second complex-number component.

Abstract: A compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an organic photoelectric device, an image sensor, and an electronic device include the compound. In Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is the same as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: A package substrate including an insulating layer having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, at least one first copper pattern disposed in the insulating layer and adjacent to the top surface of the insulating layer, at least one second copper pattern disposed on the bottom surface of the insulating layer, and at least one embedded aluminum pad disposed on the at least one first copper pattern, the at least one embedded aluminum pad disposed in the insulating layer such that a top surface of the at least one embedded aluminum pad is exposed by the insulating layer may be provided.

Abstract: Provided are photon counting apparatuses and methods, and radiographic imaging apparatuses configured to receive charge signals corresponding to incident radiation photons, and to count the incident radiation photons by using a plurality of counting bits, such that the counting changes only one counting bit from among the plurality of counting bits when the count value is increased by one. By using the photon counting methods, a data-change frequency of photon counting data corresponding to radiation photons is minimized while counting the radiation photons based on charge signals corresponding to input radiation photons.