Abstract: Disclosed herein is a refrigerator which improves the structure of a sliding apparatus to reduce noise and warpage generated when a storage unit slides. The refrigerator includes storage units inserted into and extracted out of storage chambers in a sliding manner, cover rails combined with both side walls of the insides of the storage chambers and provided with rack gears and planar parts, slide units combined with both side surfaces of the storage units and including pinion gears moving in a state in which the pinion gears are engaged with the rack gears and moving in a state in which the pinion gears are suspended above the planar parts, a connection bar connected between the pinion gears to prevent movement of the storage units, and a reinforcing frame connected between the slide units to prevent warpage of the storage units generated when the pinion gears move above the planar parts.

Abstract: A method of planarizing the surface of a semiconductor substrate to reduce the occurrence of a dishing phenomenon. A patterned etch stop layer defining a trench region is formed on a substrate. The substrate is etched to form a trench region, and a medium material layer and an oxide layer are subsequently formed on the substrate, filling the trench region. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is performed on the oxide layer until the medium material layer is exposed. CMP is then performed until the patterned etch stop layer is exposed and a planarized oxide layer is formed. Because the medium material layer has a higher removal rate during CMP than the oxide layer, occurrences of the dishing phenomenon are reduced. A slurry including an anionic surfactant is used to increase the CMP removal ratio of the medium material layer to the oxide layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a packet flow according to the bandwidth of corresponding ports, including a plurality of ports configured to compare a first packet number and a second packet number, and generate a packet flow control signal based on the comparison result, the packet flow control signal being used to control the packet flow.

Abstract: A cell search method for handover between an asynchronous mobile communication system's base station and a synchronous mobile communication system's base station. A border base station, which is an asynchronous base station neighboring a synchronous mobile communication network, acquires information on a GPS satellite time, a reference time of the synchronous mobile communication network, generates base station frame number (BFN) synchronized to the satellite time and a system frame number (SFN) having a predetermined offset for the BFN for each cell, generates a system information block including a difference value between the BFN and the SFN, and transmits the system information block over a common channel along with the SFN.