Abstract: An apparatus and method for a tactile feedback are provided. The tactile feedback apparatus may include a position measurement unit to measure a position of a mechanical link, and a tactile feedback unit to transmit a tactile sensation based on at least one of a position of the mechanical link and a rotation angle of the mechanical link.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for power savings are provided. The apparatus includes a register analysis unit and a register change unit. The register analysis unit determines if registers among bit-switching targeted registers are one of changeable and unchangeable. The register change unit searches for a register pair having a minimum bit switching frequency among registers determined to be changeable, and changes at least one register.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing a video telephony service in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The apparatus for providing the video telephony service in the mobile communication terminal includes a controlling unit for receiving preferred video format information from a peer mobile communication terminal during a signaling procedure with the peer mobile communication terminal for the video telephony service and for determining a video format to use in the video telephony service using the received preferred video format, and a video codec for encoding and decoding video data that is transmitted to and received from the peer mobile communication terminal, using the determined video format.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for automatic access in a wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a scanner for scanning surrounding Access Points (APs) by receiving beacon messages from the APs, a determiner for detecting an AP, a WPS button of which has been pressed, from one or more scanned APs and for determining if there are two or more detected APs, and a configurator for, when there are two or more detected APs, transmitting a message including a Medium Access Control (MAC) address of an AP, which has been selected among the detected APs by an input of a user, to the AP and for performing a Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) with the selected AP, thereby accessing a wireless Local Area Network (LAN).

Abstract: An earphone and method for forming the same are provided. The earphone includes an earphone housing, a speaker, and an earcap. The earphone housing includes a speaker mounting portion. The speaker is fixed to the earphone housing, and has a cable that passes through the body and is drawn from the body. The earcap is installed to at least partially enclose the speaker and the housing, and has at least one speaker sound emitting hole therein. The earcap is made of a material that solidifies after a predetermined time elapses, and is manufactured by inserting the material into an ear of a user, and then solidifying the material such that it is suited for a shape of the ear of the user.

Abstract: An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and dec

Abstract: An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and dec

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing power consumption in a display area of an electronic device such as a portable computer are provided. Such a method includes: (a) activating a mode of setting the display area to a white background screen using a first input command of a user; and (b) locating the white background screen over all windows, except for a current task window being displayed in part of the display area. Additionally, the apparatus for reducing power consumption in a display area includes an input unit receiving a first input command from a user; a mode activation unit for activating a mode of setting the display area to a white background screen according to a first input command from a user; and a location setting unit for locating the white background screen over all windows, except for a current task window being displayed in part of the display area.

Abstract: An information recording medium that can be rapidly finalized, and a recording/reproducing apparatus and method using the same are provided. In the information recording medium, a prepit is pre-formed in a finalization area. Since the portion that has to be filled with data in finalizing the information recording medium is previously formed as the prepits series in manufacturing the information recording medium, the time necessary to finalize the information recording medium can be shortened, thereby achieving the rapid finalization of the medium.

Abstract: Provided are double stacked and multiple stacked BGA packages in which two or more BGA packages are stacked to increase the packaging density. Each of the individual BGA packages included in the stacked BGA packages includes at least one semiconductor chip and a substrate on which the chip is mounted with the substrate(s) being sized to be approximately the same size or, in some instances, slightly larger than the semiconductor chip(s) mounted thereon. A plurality of external contact terminals are provided on each of the substrates, with the corresponding external contact terminals of the multiple BGA packages being electrically connected using a flexible substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method of fabricating a split-gate flash memory cell using a spacer oxidation process. An oxidation barrier layer is formed on a floating gate layer, and an opening to expose a portion of the floating gate layer is formed in the oxidation barrier layer. Subsequently, a spacer is formed on a sidewall of the opening with a material layer having insulation property by oxidizing, and an inter-gate oxide layer pattern between a floating gate and a control gate is formed in the opening while the spacer is oxidized by performing an oxidation process.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device having a metal gate pattern is provided in which capping layers are used to control the relative oxidation rates of portions of the metal gate pattern during a oxidation process. The capping layer may be a multilayer structure and may be etched to form insulating spacers on the sidewalls of the metal gate pattern. The capping layer(s) allow the use of a selective oxidation process, which may be a wet oxidation process utilizing partial pressures of both H2O and H2 in an H2-rich atmosphere, to oxidize portions of the substrate and metal gate pattern while suppressing the oxidation of metal layers that may be included in the metal gate pattern. This allows etch damage to the silicon substrate and edges of the metal gate pattern to be reduced while substantially maintaining the original thickness of the gate insulating layer and the conductivity of the metal layer(s).

Abstract: A binary comparator circuit and a binary data comparison method for reducing a layout area and power consumption and/or increasing comparison speed. The binary data comparison circuit and method receive all N bits of each of a first binary data An?1An?2 . . . A1A0 and a second binary data Bn?1Bn?2 . . . B1B0, and compare the first binary data and the second binary data to determine which of the first binary data and the second binary data is larger according to the following equation: F(A?B)=A(n?1)?·B(n?1)+(A(n?1)?+B(n?1))·{A(n?2)?·B(n?2)+(A(n?2)?+B(n?2)) . . . {A1?·B1+(A1?+B1)·(A0?+B0)}} where subscripts denote a position of a bit of the N-bit binary data and a prime (?) indicates that a bit is inverted, and outputting a signal corresponding to the comparison result.

Abstract: A method, medium, and apparatus extracting avatar parameters using an avatar transformation algorithm from health state information measured from a user and generating an avatar using the extracted parameters. In the apparatus, a state analysis unit receives at least one among a bio-signal and questionary information of a user and outputs health state information, a parameter extraction unit extracts parameters defining an avatar image, and an avatar generation unit generates the avatar image using the parameters. By providing the method, medium, and apparatus, it is possible to provide a user with a convenience in recognizing his health state by generating an avatar image describing the user's future health state as well as the user's current health state. Further, it is possible to induce a user to manage his health constantly by maintaining a user's with the avatar image change.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for detecting a plurality of defect types on the surface of a disk in a hard disk drive. In particular, the disclosure relates to utilizing information obtained from a plurality of servo bits to determine if a sector contains a physical defect. Where such a defect is found, the sector's write gate is disabled and its burst signal data is ignored for track following purposes. In addition, large changes in PES are used to identify closure spike defects. Such defects are managed by providing a compensation signal to the read value of the PES to improve track following. Finally, high PES values are used to signal a third defect type where no other signs of defect are present. In such case, the sector is mapped as defective, but the burst signals continue to be used for track following purposes.

Abstract: A projection television including a CRT assembly projecting image beams and a reflecting mirror reflecting the image beams. The projection television has a support casing having support frames provided on both sides thereof below the reflecting mirror, receiving and supporting the CRT assembly, and a lower frame coupled to the bottom of each support frame, supporting the support frame. With this configuration, the present invention provides a projection television having a support casing whose weight is reduced, thereby facilitating transportation thereof and reducing the cost of production and transportation, etc., and further being unlikely to be deformed or deteriorated because of changes in temperature and humidity.

Abstract: A tilt compensating device and method of performing normal tilt compensation in the event of a servo emergency which may occur during reproduction of data from an optical recording medium are provided. The tilt compensating device includes: an optical pickup; a tilt adjusting unit that adjusts a tilt angle of the optical pickup; a jitter detecting unit that detects an amount of jitter in a reproduction signal output from the optical pickup; and a controlling unit that monitors speed at which the optical recording medium operates using a phase-locked loop (PLL) signal generated from the reproduction signal and the degree of focus of the optical pickup, performs an operation to return to a normal state if any abnormality occurs, and controls operation of the tilt adjusting unit by comparing an amount of jitter detected at regular intervals against a reference.