Abstract: Various aspects according to the instant published patent application relate to a functionalized nanoscale diamond. The functionalized nanoscale diamond includes a functionalized surface. The functionalized surface includes a brominated portion and a hydroxylated portion. In further aspects, the brominated portion can be reacted with an amine to form an aminated nanoscale diamond.

Abstract: The invention provides chemical compounds for binding to a liquid phase cation having the formula R1—SO2—S—R2—SH, wherein R1 comprises a support molecule, such as a polymer, and R2 comprises an alkyl. The polymer may be a crosslinked, polystyrene divinylbenzene copolymer having a plurality of pendant benzyl groups to which the —SO2—S—R2—SH ligand is attached. The alkyl group may be ethyl or propyl. The chemical compound may be used to complex cation lead or mercury, in which the cation is complexed with mercapto-sulfur of the thio-sulfonyl moiety and the terminal mercaptan to form a heterocyclic ring-like geometry incorporating the cation. A method for removing cations from a liquid stream using the chemical compounds of the present invention is also provided.

Abstract: A thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membrane includes a porous support with surfaces having thereon a hydrophilic self-assembled monolayer. An active layer on the support is sufficiently dense to remove an ionic species from a liquid.

Abstract: A thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membrane includes a porous support with surfaces having thereon a hydrophilic self-assembled monolayer. An active layer on the support is sufficiently dense to remove an ionic species from a liquid.

Abstract: A nanoshell is disclosed, comprising a star polymer occlusion complex comprising i) an amphiphilic unimolecular star polymer having a crosslinked core covalently linked to 6 or more independent polymer arms, and ii) a cargo material occluded in the star polymer; and a shell comprising an inorganic material in contact with a peripheral surface of the star polymer occlusion complex.

Abstract: A nanoshell is disclosed, comprising a star polymer occlusion complex comprising i) an amphiphilic unimolecular star polymer having a crosslinked core covalently linked to 6 or more independent polymer arms, and ii) a cargo material occluded in the star polymer; and a shell comprising an inorganic material in contact with a peripheral surface of the star polymer occlusion complex.

Abstract: A nanoshell is disclosed, comprising a star polymer occlusion complex comprising i) an amphiphilic unimolecular star polymer having a crosslinked core covalently linked to 6 or more independent polymer arms, and ii) a cargo material occluded in the star polymer; and a shell comprising an inorganic material in contact with a peripheral surface of the star polymer occlusion complex.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a vehicle that can be powered via integrated power systems involving human pedaling, electric and solar energy, a wheel drive power transmission system for the vehicle that can also operate in reverse direction, and an integrated solar/electric power system for mobile systems. The unique design for vehicle power transmission systems enables human pedaling and electric motor to power the vehicle independently. The electric motor is powered by batteries charged by either or both household 11.0 VAC plug-in sources and the solar panels integrated to the exterior of the vehicle.