Abstract: A front end loader which includes a refuse storage body mounted on a supporting vehicle with the storage body having an upper opening for the deposit of refuse within the body. Means are provided on the vehicle for picking up a refuse container and lifting the container to dump refuse therefrom into the storage body through the upper opening. Closure means are positioned adjacent the upper opening. Closure means are positioned adjacent the upper opening with the closure means being movable between an open and a closed position. The closure means are shaped and positioned to shield the opening from the wind when the closure means is in its open position and means are provided to exert a downward packing force on the closure means in moving it from its open to its closed position to exert a positive downward packing force on refuse which is contacted by the closure means.

Abstract: A rod-drawn pump for use in a well includes a tubing and a rod reciprocating within the tubing to move a plunger in a series of alternating upward strokes and downward strokes. The plunger defines a pump chamber with a standing valve through which liquid from the well passes during the upward stroke of the plunger. During the downward stroke, the liquid in the pump chamber passes through a traveling valve in the plunger and into a particular cavity defined by the plunger and a third valve. During the next upward stroke, the liquid in the particular cavity passes through the third valve to produce a column of the liquid which is eventually lifted from the well. The third valve supports the column of the liquid during the next downward stroke so that the traveling valve in the plunger is open when it contacts the surface of the liquid in the pump chamber. This inhibits gas and liquid pound during the downward stroke.

Abstract: A container in which trash may be stored until such time as the container can be dumped into a truck for transportation to a sanitary disposal site. Trash may be inserted and compacted within the container by a compactor unit formed integrally with or fixedly attached to the container. The compactor unit includes a hopper into which trash may be dumped. A packing panel may be pivotally mounted to move through the hopper to push the trash into the container and compact it therein. The packing panel may move from a position in which the hopper is fully opened to a position in which the panel serves as a door to close the hopper and prevent access to the hopper. The panel can be moved from the "door" position to a third position approximately 180.degree. from the fully opened position. In the third position, the panel has moved all of the trash out of the hopper and into the container.

Abstract: A refuse compactor which includes a refuse storage body and a compaction panel movable within the storage body to give refuse within said body an initial pack.A latching mechanism includes a refuse storage body having a rear opening with a tailgate pivotally positioned on the storage body for closing the rear opening. Hydraulic motor means rotate the tailgate from a lowered, locked position with respect to the storage body to a raised, unlocked position for discharge of refuse by the compaction panel from the storage body through the rear opening. The motor means are connected to the lever means and also to the tailgate. A keeper member is secured to the tailgate while a latching member pivotally mounted on the storage body engages the keeper member when the tailgate engages the refuse storage body. Means transmit rotational movement of the lever means to the latching member with the lever member undergoing rotational movement on actuation of the motor means.

Abstract: A rod joint in which the entire threaded length connection between two substantially straight rods, without shoulders, is pre-stressed, including a split, sectioned ring which fits between preformed seats on each of the rod elements.

Abstract: A front end loader includes a refuse storage body mounted on a supporting vehicle with the storage body having an upper opening for the deposit of refuse within the body. Closure members are movable between opened and closed positions adjacent the upper opening. The closure members shield the opening from the wind in their opened position and exert a downward packing force in moving from the opened to the closed position. The downward packing force is increased as the closure members approach the closed position. The free ends of the closure members provide a shearing action on the refuse overhanging the opening. Latching members latch the closure members to the storage body in the closed position of the closure member and move upwardly toward the opened position. The latching members may include first members on the storage body engageable with, and disengageable from, second members on the closure members.

Abstract: A front end loader includes a storage body mounted on a vehicle with an upper opening for the deposit of refuse therein. Lifting arms are pivotally mounted relative to the storage body and vehicle and are moved by a first hydraulic motor. Fork arms are pivotally mounted on the distal ends of the lifting arms and are moved by a second hydraulic motor. Members feed hydraulic fluid to the second motor at a rate which maintains the fork arms in a horizontal position as the lifting arms are moving. Fluid flows from the first motor through the second motor to provide a movement of the fork arms in accordance with the lifting of the lifting arms. The volume of the rod ends of a first hydraulic cylinder in the first motor is related to the volume of the rod ends of hydraulic cylinders in the second motor to provide for the flow of fluid through the first cylinder relative to the flow of fluid through the cylinders in the second motor to maintain the fork arms horizontal during the lifting of the lifting arms.

Abstract: A storage body is mounted on a vehicle having an upper opening to receive refuse. Lifting arms are pivotally mounted to relative to the body and are pivoted by a first hydraulic motor. Fork arms are pivotally mounted on the distal ends of the lifting arms and are pivoted by a second hydraulic motor. Fluid from the first motor flows through the second motor to provide a movement of the fork arms in accordance with the lifting of the lifting arms. The volume of the rod ends of a first cylinder in the first motor is related to the volume of the rod ends of the cylinders in the second motor to provide for the flow of fluid through the first cylinder relative to the flow of fluid through the cylinders to maintain the fork arms horizontally during the lifting of the lifting arms. The movement of the fork arms is inhibited during the lowering of the lifting arms to facilitate the retention of containers on the form arms. The lifting arms are maintained in position when an obstruction is encountered.

Abstract: A bearing liner for attachment to a substrate comprising a wear resistant layer and a compliant layer interposable between the wear resistant layer and the substrate. The wear resistant layer includes a binder, a lubricant distributed in the binder, and a fibrous material for increasing the strength of the wear resistant layer. The wear resistant layer has a wear surface. The compliant layer is deformable to permit the compliant layer to at least partially receive any projections in the substrate so that the tendency of any such projections to cause local protrusions of the wear surface is reduced.

Abstract: A method for packing refuse which comprises moving a foldable packing member from a folded rest position to an unfolded working condition within a refuse hopper then moving the packing member in an unfolded condition through the refuse hopper to move refuse from the hopper. Following this, the movement of the packing member is reversed to move the packing member in a partially folded condition through the hopper to return the packing member to its folded rest position.

Abstract: A valve seat may be formed deep within a valve body by attaching a wear-resistant material to a base material, such as by welding. Similarly, a drive member may be attached to either of the wear-resistant material or the base material. The thus-assembled structure can be rotated at high speeds adjacent a welding seat located deep within the valve body to create a friction or inertia weldment between the seat and base material. Subsequently, the drive material, weldment flash, etc., can be machined away and the wear-resistant material can be machined, if necessary, to create a valve seat of predetermined configuration.

Abstract: A member having first and second opposite ends for a flow of fluid from each end to the opposite end. The member is provided with openings at each end for receiving fluid into the member and for transferring the fluid from the member at the other end.A first plurality of lands is provided in the member at spaced positions between the first and second opposite ends to define channels. The lands have passages at spaced positions in each land for the flow of the fluid through the passages between adjacent channels. The passages in each land have staggered positions in a direction transverse to the direction between the first and second ends to provide for a separation of the fluid flowing through each passage into two separate eddies in opposite directions. These eddies flow through the two adjacent passages in the next land.A second plurality of lands is provided in the member at spaced positions in each channel in the transverse direction.

Abstract: A butterfly valve includes a housing, a pivotal stem mounted on housing, and a disk mounted on the stem and tiltable within the housing to control the flow rate of a fluid. Means for attaching the stem to the disk includes a keyway defined by one of the stem and the disk, and an associated pin carried by the other of the stem and the disk. The keyway includes a ramp inclined with respect to the stem at a particular angle, and portions of the pin slide on the ramp in response to temperature change of the fluid to accommodate radial and axial displacement of the disk with respect to the stem. The particular angle of the ramp can be made dependent upon the diameter of the stem and the distance between a fixed point along the stem and the ramp pin. With this particular angle, the pin will slide on the ramp radially and axially of the stem while maintaining a fixed angular relationship between the stem and the disk.

Abstract: A bearing material is formed from a body, a binder and a plurality of microcapsules uniformly dispersed in the binder and containing a lubricant. The microcapsules are adapted to be broken upon the exertion of a force and to release the lubricant. The lubricant may be a solid or a fluid. Lubricants having individual properties may be disposed in different microcapsules. For example, a lubricant operative to provide a lubrication at high temperatures may be disposed in some of the microcapsules and a lubricant operative to provide a lubrication at low temperatures may be disposed in other microcapsules. The body may be a fabric or may be formed from randomly oriented fibers defining a fibrous mat having a porous relationship.

Abstract: A refuse collection apparatus including a storage body and a tailgate positioned rearwardly of the storage body which defines a hopper that is positioned adjacent to an opening into the storage body. An upper and a lower panel within the tailgate are pivotally connected and movably positioned with respect to the hopper. The upper panel is moved in a downward and rearward convexly curved path between an upward and forward position and a rearward and lowered position and the lower panel is rotated forwardly and rearwardly with respect to the upper panel. A fixed panel positioned in the tailgate structure defines the upper extent of the opening into the storage body and during upward movement of the upper panel, refuse is packed against the fixed panel.The lower surface of the fixed panel may have an upwardly curved lower surface which imparts a forward direction of movement to refuse which is packed against it.

Abstract: A refuse packer having a refuse storage body, a loading hopper and a passage leading from the hopper to the storage body with a collapsible packing means mounted within the hopper. The packing means is movable from the collapsed rest position to an extended working condition to sweep refuse from the hopper into the passage. Additionally, the packing means is movable in a return direction while in a partially collapsed condition to return to its collapsed rest position. During the movement of the packing means through the hopper in a return direction, the packing means is capable of moving over refuse within the loading hopper. Motor means in driving connection with the packing means move the packing means in an extended working condition through the hopper and then move the packing means in return direction while in a partially collapsed condition to return the packing means to its collapsed rest position.

Abstract: A control system for plural motor driven pumps is disclosed. The control system includes a control valve which provides for unloading one pump by diverting the flow of operating fluid from that pump back to reservoir whenever the flow through the valve or the load pressure exceeds a preselected level.

Abstract: A refuse collection apparatus including a storage body and a tailgate positioned rearwardly of the storage body which defines a hopper that is positioned adjacent to an opening into the storage body. An upper and a lower panel within the tailgate are pivotally connected and movably positioned with respect to the hopper. The upper panel is moved in a downward and rearward convexly curved path between an upward and forward position and a rearward and lowered position and the lower panel is rotated forwardly and rearwardly with respect to the upper panel. A fixed panel positioned in the tailgate structure defines the upper extent of the opening into the storage body and during upward movement of the upper panel, refuse is packed against the fixed panel.The lower surface of the fixed panel may have an upwardly curved lower surface which imparts a forward direction of movement to refuse which is packed against it.

Abstract: A storage body for containing refuse under pressure in which the top of the storage body is uniformly curved to provide a curvature which resists in tension the outer forces exerted on the top by the side walls of the body when the storage body is packed with refuse under a predetermined pressure. A plurality of bracing members are positioned in parallel relation on the side walls of the storage body. The side bracing members are closer together in the region of the storage body which is adjacent to an opening through which refuse is packed.

Abstract: Waste compacting apparatus comprising a hopper; a compaction tunnel communicating with the hopper and providing an outlet for waste deposited therein; a packer located and reciprocable through successive forward and return strokes to advance waste from the hopper into and through said compaction tunnel, a ram, forming part of said packer, normally telescoped therein and retractably extendible therefrom in the direction of reciprocation of said packer, the ram having a leading end which forms a small portion of that of the packer as a whole when the ram is telescoped therein; motor means for reciprocating said packer through successive cycles of operation respectively comprising forward and return strokes, a standard cycle of operations commencing at a lead-off position with the ram telescoped in the packer and re-cycling means, responsive to mechanical stalling of the packer in the forward stroke of a standard cycle of operations, for terminating the forward stroke, returning said packer to its lead-off posit