Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous solution evaporative treatment method that makes it possible to efficiently perform evaporative treatment of an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica. The aqueous solution evaporative treatment method comprises a seed crystal mixing step of adding to and mixing with an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica at least any one of magnesium salt and silicate together with calcium salt as seed crystals, and an evaporative concentration step of evaporatively concentrating the aqueous solution together with the seed crystals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steam generator capable of greatly improving energy efficiency, and an energy supply system that uses the steam generator. The steam generator of the present invention includes a high-temperature chamber to which heat of 250° C. to 800° C. is supplied; a low-temperature chamber arranged adjacent to the high-temperature chamber and configured to produce low-temperature steam of 50° C. to 185° C. from water using the heat of the high-temperature chamber; and at least one thermoelectric element arranged between the high-temperature chamber and the low-temperature chamber.

Abstract: A steam generation apparatus 1 including a high-temperature pipe 10 disposed extending horizontally and through which a high-temperature fluid passes; low-temperature pipes 20 disposed on both sides of the high-temperature pipe 10 in a horizontal direction and through which a low-temperature fluid having a temperature lower than that of the high-temperature fluid passes; and a thermoelectric module 30 interposed between the high-temperature pipe 10 and each of the low-temperature pipes 20 for generating electrical power using a temperature difference between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipes 20, the low-temperature pipes 20 being configured such that the supplied low-temperature fluid in a liquid form is turned into steam due to heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid and is discharged from an upper portion of the low-temperature pipes 20.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous solution evaporative treatment method that makes it possible to efficiently perform evaporative treatment of an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica. The aqueous solution evaporative treatment method comprises a seed crystal mixing step of adding to and mixing with an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica at least any one of magnesium salt and silicate together with calcium salt as seed crystals, and an evaporative concentration step of evaporatively concentrating the aqueous solution together with the seed crystals.

Abstract: A thermoelectric generation apparatus 1 including a high-temperature pipe 10 through which a high-temperature fluid passes; a low-temperature pipe 20 disposed horizontally adjacent to the high-temperature pipe 10 and through which a low-temperature fluid having a temperature lower than that of the high-temperature fluid passes; a thermoelectric module 32 interposed between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipe 20 and generating power using a temperature difference between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipe 20; a fluid chamber 28 connected to an upper portion. and a lower portion of the low-temperature pipe 20, parallel to the low-temperature pipe 20 and a fluid replenisher 110 capable of replenishing the fluid chamber 28 with the low-temperature fluid in a liquid state.

Abstract: A steam generation apparatus 1 including a high-temperature pipe 10 disposed extending horizontally and through which a high-temperature fluid passes; low-temperature pipes 20 disposed on both sides of the high-temperature pipe 10 in a horizontal direction and through which a low-temperature fluid having a temperature lower than that of the high-temperature fluid passes; and a thermoelectric module 30 interposed between the high-temperature pipe 10 and each of the low-temperature pipes 20 for generating electrical power using a temperature difference between the high-temperature pipe 10 and the low-temperature pipes 20, the low-temperature pipes 20 being configured such that the supplied low-temperature fluid in a liquid form is turned into steam due to heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid and is discharged from an upper portion of the low-temperature pipes 20.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steam generator capable of greatly improving energy efficiency, and an energy supply system that uses the steam generator. The steam generator of the present invention includes a high-temperature chamber to which heat of 250° C. to 800° C. is supplied; a low-temperature chamber arranged adjacent to the high-temperature chamber and configured to produce low-temperature steam of 50° C. to 185° C. from water using the heat of the high-temperature chamber; and at least one thermoelectric element arranged between the high-temperature chamber and the low-temperature chamber.

Abstract: In an apparatus comprising: an evaporator 1 for boiling and evaporating a cold/heat evaporable liquid under a reduced pressure; a condenser 2 for condensing vapor; a cold/heat indirect heat exchanger 6 at a load 14 side; a cooling heat exchanger 11 using the air; cold-heat circulation means 5 and 7 for circulating a cold/heat evaporable liquid in the evaporator to the cold/heat indirect heat exchanger; cooling circulation means 10 and 12 for circulating a cooling evaporable liquid in the condenser to the cooling heat exchanger; and a vapor compressor 20 provided in a vapor duct 19 extending from the evaporator to the condenser, a running cost is reduced when a temperature at the condenser side becomes lower than a temperature at the evaporator side due to a drop in air temperature, without a rise in a temperature of the cold/heat evaporable liquid. The vapor duct 19 is provided with a bypass vapor path 22 for bypassing the vapor compressor. The bypass vapor path is provided with an on-off valve 23.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a fluorine-containing emulsifier in a low concentration of at least 1 ppm by mass and at most 1% by mass (e.g., coagulation waste water after an emulsion polymerization of a fluoropolymer and/or an aqueous solution obtained by washing with an aqueous solution a waste gas from a drying process and/or a heat treating process of the fluoropolymer) is subjected to vacuum concentration under a pressure of at most 100 kPa and a temperature of the aqueous solution of at most 100° C. by means of a heating tube surface evaporation type concentrator equipped with a heat pump or the like, and the fluorine-containing emulsifier is recovered from a highly concentrated aqueous solution containing the fluorine-containing emulsifier in a higher concentration of at least 5% by mass. According to the present method, the fluorine-containing emulsifier can be recovered with a high yield from a low-concentration liquid such as coagulation waste water of a fluoropolymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydrofluoric acid wastewater treatment method that achieves efficient recovery of hydrofluoric acid from hydrofluoric acid wastewater and also achieves sufficient reduction in the hydrofluoric acid concentration of the dehydrofluorinated water after treatment.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a fluorine-containing emulsifier in a low concentration of at least 1 ppm by mass and at most 1% by mass (e.g., coagulation waste water after an emulsion polymerization of a fluoropolymer and/or an aqueous solution obtained by washing with an aqueous solution a waste gas from a drying process and/or a heat treating process of the fluoropolymer) is subjected to vacuum concentration under a pressure of at most 100 kPa and a temperature of the aqueous solution of at most 100° C. by means of a heating tube surface evaporation type concentrator equipped with a heat pump or the like, and the fluorine-containing emulsifier is recovered from a highly concentrated aqueous solution containing the fluorine-containing emulsifier in a higher concentration of at least 5% by mass. According to the present method, the fluorine-containing emulsifier can be recovered with a high yield from a low-concentration liquid such as coagulation waste water of a fluoropolymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydrofluoric acid wastewater treatment method that achieves efficient recovery of hydrofluoric acid from hydrofluoric acid wastewater and also achieves sufficient reduction in the hydrofluoric acid concentration of the dehydrofluorinated water after treatment.

Abstract: A rotary cooling roller includes outer and inner cylinders, two end plates fixed to both ends of the outer cylinder, and a supporting shaft protruding from the end plates. A cylindrical space, provided between the outer and the inner cylinders, communicates with the inner space of the inner cylinder via through-holes formed in the inner cylinder. A coolant contained is allowed to flow back and forth between the cylindrical space and the inner space of the inner cylinder. Ring-shaped spacers are provided in the cylindrical space for passing an external force exerted on the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder.

Abstract: A heat pipe unit comprising a relatively thin box-shaped panel body in which coolant is charged, a heat-transfer pipe provided in an upper area in the panel body in which cooling fluid is fed and a device for guiding to an inner wall of the panel body the coolant liquified by the heat-transfer pipe.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a reverse osmosis apparatus comprising a reciprocating pump or pumps including a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber which is smaller in volume than the first chamber due to a piston rod extending through the second cylinder chamber, a feed conduit connected to the first cylinder chamber for feeding fluid thereto through a first one-way flow piping for fluid flow thereto, a reverse osmosis membrane module including an inlet and an outlet which collects permeate fluid, a second one-way flow piping connecting the first cylinder chamber with the reverse osmosis membrane module inlet for fluid flow to the inlet, a selector connecting the second cylinder chamber with the reverse osmosis membrane module outlet, and a drain conduit connected to the selector for draining concentrated fluid from the second cylinder chamber.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to apparatus comprising a reverse osmosis membrane module, a reciprocating pump and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The pump includes a piston defining on its opposite sides a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber which has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first chamber. The first chamber connects with a feed fluid supply conduit provided with a feed valve which opens when the first chamber expands. The membrane module includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet connects with the first cylinder chamber when the first cylinder chamber contracts in volume, and the outlet connects with the second cylinder chamber through a selector connecting with a concentrate fluid drain conduit.

Abstract: A cooling roller of a cooling machine for continuously and quickly cooling a high temperature sheet. The cooling roller comprises a rotary shaft, and a cylindrical outer wall and end walls mounted on the shaft and forming an enclosure are mounted on the shaft. A tube bundle extends through the enclosure close to the outer wall, the tube bundle having an inlet and an outlet for a cooling fluid. The heat transfer area of the tube bundle is larger than the inner area of said outer wall, and the inner area of the outer wall is covered with a heat transfer accelerating device. A heat transfer liquid, which repeats evaporation and condensation cycles during use is sealed within the enclosure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating the distilled water obtained from an evaporation process sea water desalination plant is provided wherein carbon dioxide is extracted from sea water in the high temperature stages of the desalination plant and where the carbon dioxide thus extracted is dissolved into the water, along with calcium, thereby converting the distilled water into the quality suited for city tap water.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a centrifugal separator for separating suspended substances from a liquid such as the waste water of a ship.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an aircooled heat exchanger including first and second sets of tubes that carry a fluid to be cooled. One end of each tube is connected to an inlet header and the other end is connected to an outlet header. Each tube includes first and second longitudinal portions which are joined or connected by an intermediate bent portion. The tubes are arranged in the flow path of a cooling air flow. The first portions of the first set of tubes are located upstream, with respect to the direction of air flow, relative to the second portions of the first set and relative to the first portions of the second set, and the second portions of the second set are located upstream relative to the first portions of the second set and to the second portions of the first set. This offset relation of portions of the tubes substantially equalizes the heat exchange with the air.